ANNOUNCEMENT: We are upgrading the the UA Campus Repository to a new version of DSpace open source software. We have instituted a "content freeze" during the upgrade process, during which no submissions are accepted for the repository. We expect to resume accepting submissions in July/August 2026. If you have a request that is more urgent, you can contact our repository team at any time using our Feedback Form or by emailing us directly at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.

 

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  • Frugivory and dispersal of saguaro cactus Carnegiea gigantea (Cactaceae Juss.) seeds by the Common Raven in the Arizona Upland Subdivision of the Sonoran Desert at Tucson, Arizona, USA

    Pape, Robert B.; Peachey, William D.; University of Arizona, Department of Entomology (Cactus and Succulent Journal, 2026-06-05)
    The saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea Britton and Rose) is a large columnar species that is a defining and keystone plant in the Sonoran Desert of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. There has been a long history of study of the saguaro cactus, yet many gaps remain in our knowledge of the species, including details of seed dispersal mechanisms and recruitment success. Effective dispersal of saguaro seeds is essential for recruitment and persistence of the plants, and a variety of bird and mammal species are known to contribute to this process. Recent observations of frugivory and saguaro seed dispersal by the Common Raven (Corvus corax Linnaeus 1758) are reported here for the first time. The Common Raven is added to the list of endozoochorous animals that feed on saguaro fruits, and is a potentially effective seed disperser for these plants. Seed dispersal by the birds is confirmed by aerial excretion, the seed shadow pattern matching the clustered establishment of same age saguaros commonly observed beneath nurse plants. We consolidate saguaro seed disperser records from the literature and discuss saguaro seed dispersal mechanisms. Our observations show the Common Raven as a consumer of the fruit and seed disperser of the saguaro cactus, bringing the total of known saguaro seed dispersing animals to 53 species. Due to the size of the birds they are potentially capable of moving large numbers of seeds over greater distances than smaller birds and small mammals, and may be one of the more important animals performing this service.
  • Arroyo 2026 - Spanish

    University of Arizona. Water Resources Research Center.; Marsh, Katherine N.; Eden, Susanna; Centro de Investigación de Recursos Hídricos Extensión Cooperativa, Universidad de Arizona; Water Resources Research Center - College of Agriculture and Life Sciences - The University of Arizona (Water Resources Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2026)
    El agua une comunidades, ecosistemas y economías sin importar las fronteras políticas. Esto es evidente en América del Norte, donde Estados Unidos, México, Canadá y las Naciones Indígenas comparten ríos, acuíferos y costas. Estos recursos hídricos compartidos sostienen a las comunidades y la industria, pero compartirlos trae desafíos. A medida que se intensifican las presiones del crecimiento demográfico, el clima y el desarrollo económico, la colaboración transfronteriza seguirá siendo la base para gestionar los recursos hídricos fronterizos. La edición de Arroyo de este año explora el tema del agua y las fronteras, basándose en los debates de la Conferencia Anual del WRRC de 2025, Fronteras compartidas, aguas compartidas. Esta publicación destaca la historia de la cooperación en materia de agua en Arizona, Estados Unidos, México, Canadá y las Naciones Indígenas, al tiempo que analiza las iniciativas actuales para ampliar, conservar y proteger los recursos hídricos compartidos mediante alianzas entre los sectores público y privado. El objetivo de esta edición de Arroyo es ofrecer a los lectores una visión clara de cómo la colaboración transfronteriza está configurando la gestión del agua en la actualidad y de cómo las alianzas pueden garantizar un acceso equitativo a un agua limpia y segura.
  • Arroyo 2026

    University of Arizona. Water Resources Research Center.; Marsh, Katherine N.; Eden, Susanna; Water Resources Research Center - College of Agriculture and Life Sciences - The University of Arizona (Water Resources Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2026)
    Water links communities, ecosystems, and economies irrespective of political borders. This is evident in North America, where the United States, Mexico, Canada, and Indigenous nations share rivers, aquifers, and coastlines. These shared water resources sustain communities and industry, but sharing brings challenges. As pressures from population growth, climate, and economic development intensify, cross-border collaboration will continue to form the foundation for managing border water resources. This year’s Arroyo explores the topic of water and borders, building on discussions from the 2025 WRRC Annual Conference, Shared Borders, Shared Waters. The publication highlights the history of water cooperation involving Arizona, the United States, Mexico, Canada, and Indigenous Nations while examining current efforts to expand, conserve, and protect shared water resources through public and private partnerships. This Arroyo aims to provide readers with a clear understanding of how cross-border collaboration is shaping water management today and how partnerships can ensure equitable access to clean, reliable water.
  • Arroyo 2025

    University of Arizona. Water Resources Research Center.; Bauer, Austin; Eden, Susanna; Water Resources Research Center - College of Agriculture and Life Sciences - The University of Arizona (Water Resources Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2025)
    Arizona relies on a diverse portfolio of water resources to meet its overall water needs, including groundwater, Colorado River water, in-state rivers, and reclaimed water. While all that water may meet our needs today, there is uncertainty about the future.
  • Arroyo 2024

    University of Arizona. Water Resources Research Center.; Lee, Courtney; Bauer, Austin; Eden, Susanna; Water Resources Research Center - College of Agriculture and Life Sciences - The University of Arizona (Water Resources Research Center, College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2024)
    Water resources in Arizona are under stress from climate change, a two-decade megadrought, and chronic overuse. These combined influences have led to surface water losses, drying streams and wetlands, and groundwater depletion as pumping exceeds replenishment. Communities are facing the possibility that the water sources they rely on now may shrink in the future, or even vanish. Uncertainty regarding Colorado River water — a large component of Arizona’s water portfolio and one that is shared with six other US basin states — also raises questions about Arizona’s water future. The quality of available water is a concern as well. Where supply is limited, lower quality water and wastewater can be valuable resources, but only if they can be treated to suitable standards. These concerns beg the question: What can be done? That very question was the focus of the Water Resources Research Center's 2023 annual conference, “What Can We Do? Solutions to Arizona’s Water Challenges.” Panelists and presenters highlighted ongoing efforts to address the state’s water challenges, as well as new and innovative solutions currently under development. During the conference, several additional themes emerged, such as the need for better, more accessible data, improved technology, and collaboration. Drawing from the 2023 annual conference, this Arroyo explores themes of water supply and quality, conservation, technological innovation, data, collaboration, funding, and workforce development. It provides an overview of the challenges facing Arizona’s water supplies and specific solutions discussed during the conference, including ongoing, new, and emerging ideas, applications, and examples.

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