This paper uses Husserlâ s theory of phenomenology to provide a model for the relationship between user-centered tagging systems, such as del.icio.us, and the more highly structured systems of the Semantic Web. Using three aspects of phenomenological theoryâ the movement of the mind out towards an entity and then back in an act of reflection, multiplicities within unity, and the sharing of intentionalities within a communityâ the discussion suggests that both tagging systems and the Semantic Web foster an intersubjective domain for the sharing and use of information resources. The Semantic Web, however, resembles traditional library systems, in that it relies for this intersubjective domain on the conscious implementation of domain-centered standards which are then encoded for machine processing, while tagging systems work on implied principles of emergence.

Tamil Nadu will soon become the first state in India to provide telemedicine in the public sector when the local hospital in Thiruvallur is connected to the Chennai Medical College (about 40 km away) through an integrated services digital network (ISDN) line and linked terminals. Tamil Nadu cannot yet connect every district and taluk hospital to the nearest medical college because the ISDN facility is not available in many places outside Chennai. This reflects misplaced priorities in a country which has developed technologies for launching missiles and satellites and for producing nuclear bombs; provides cellular telephones, colour televisions, and luxury cars for the rich; and sends thousands of computer professionals to the United States every year. The story is the same everywhere in the developing world.

Purpose: To provide a critical review of Bergmanâ s 2001 study on the Deep Web. In addition, we bring a new concept into the discussion, the Academic Invisible Web (AIW). We define the Academic Invisible Web as consisting of all databases and collections relevant to academia but not searchable by the general-purpose internet search engines. Indexing this part of the Invisible Web is central to scientific search engines. We provide an overview of approaches followed thus far. Design/methodology/approach: Discussion of measures and calculations, estimation based on infor-metric laws. Literature review on approaches for uncovering information from the Invisible Web. Findings: Bergmanâ s size estimation of the Invisible Web is highly questionable. We demonstrate some major errors in the conceptual design of the Bergman paper. A new (raw) size estimation is given. Research limitations/implications: The precision of our estimation is limited due to small sample size and lack of reliable data. Practical implications: We can show that no single library alone will be able to index the Academic Invisible Web. We suggest collaboration to accomplish this task. Originality/value: Provides library managers and those interested in developing academic search en-gines with data on the size and attributes of the Academic Invisible Web.

Much of the work in business and academia is performed by groups of people. While significant advancement has been achieved in enhancing individual productivity by making use of information technology, little has been done to improve group productivity. Prior research suggests that we should know more about individual differences among group members as they respond to technology if we are to develop useful systems that can support group activities. We report results of a cognitive study in which researchers were observed performing three complex information entry and indexing tasks using an Integrated Collaborative Research System. The observations have revealed a taxonomy of knowledge and cognitive processes involved in the indexing and management of information in a research collaboration environment. A detailed comparison of knowledge elements and cognitive processes exhibited by senior researchers and junior researchers has been made in this article. Based on our empirical findings, we have developed a framework to explain the information management process during research collaboration. Directions for improving design of Integrated Collaborative Research Systems are also suggested.

Thesauri have been important information and knowledge organisation tools for more than three decades. The recent emergence and phenomenal growth of the World Wide Web has created new opportunities to introduce thesauri as information search and retrieval aids to end user communities. While the number of web-based and hypertextual thesauri continues to grow, few investigations have yet been carried out to evaluate how end-users, for whom all these efforts are ostensibly made, interact with and make use of thesauri for query building and expansion. The present paper reports a pilot study carried out to determine the extent to which a thesaurus-enhanced search interface to a web-based database aided end-users in their selection of search terms. The study also investigated the ways in which users interacted with the thesaurus structure, terms, and interface. Thesaurus-based searching and browsing behaviours adopted by users while interacting with the thesaurus-enhanced search interface were also examined.

This paper reviews a paradigm shift in library science education in the 1950s and advocates another change in the future. This potential change is a response to the advances of information technologies and will be reflected in the curricula of LIS programs. According to the author, such paradigm shifts should happen at different levels, i.e., at the levels of undergraduate degrees, the Masterâ s degree, the PhD, and continuing professional education.

This chapter attempts to address the need for more research on virtual team effectiveness and outlines an ecological theoretical framework that is applicable to virtual learning environments (VLE). Prior empirical studies on virtual team effectiveness used frameworks of traditional team effectiveness and mainly followed Hackman's normative model (input-process-output). We propose an ecological approach for virtual team effectiveness that accounts for team boundaries management, technology use, and external environment in VLE, properties which were previously either non-existent or contextual. The ecological framework suggests that three components, external environment, internal environment, and boundary management, reciprocally interact with effectiveness. The significance of the proposed framework is a holistic perspective that takes into account the complexity of the external and internal environment of the team. Furthermore, we address the needs for new pedagogical approaches in VLE.

This presentation was made at a LITA panel on Institutional Repositories at the Annual ALA meeting in Chicago, IL on June 27, 2005.

This is the Summer 2001 issue of SHARP News. SHARP News (ISSN 1073-1725) is the quarterly newsletter of the Society for the History of Authorship, Reading and Publishing, Inc. Editor: Fiona Black; Associate Editor & Bibliographer: Linda Connors; Book Review Editors: Ian Gadd, Paul Gutjahr. CONTENTS: SHARP NEWS OF NOTE; NATIONAL ACTIVITIES; CALLS FOR PAPERS; CONFERENCES; LECTURES & COURSES; CONFERENCE REPORTS; BOOK REVIEWS; BIBLIOGRAPHY; OBITUARY: ANGUS MCKAY FRASER; SHARPEND. This issue includes the following contributions: New Sharp Officers (SHARP NEWS OF NOTE) (p. 1); Book Research in Germany: Deutsche Buchwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft (German Book Research Society), by Mark Rectanus (NATIONAL ACTIVITIES) (pp. 1-2); Institut d'histoire du livre (NATIONAL ACTIVITIES) (pp. 2-3); SHARP 2002, University of London, 10-13 July 2002 (CALLS FOR PAPERS) (p. 3); The Community Library: An International One Day Conference on a Local Theme, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, Scotland, 19 August 2002 (CALLS FOR PAPERS) (p. 3); Lives in Print: Biography and the Book Trade from the Middle Ages to the 21st Century, Society of Antiquaries and Birkbeck College, London, 1-2 December 2001 (CONFERENCES) (p. 3); University of London School of Advanced Study, Institute of English Studies, MA in the History of the Book (LECTURES & COURSES) (p. 4); APHA American Printing History Association 2001 Lieberman Lecture, National Museum of American History, Washington, DC, 25 September 2001 (LECTURES & COURSES) (p. 4); Histoire du livre et de l'imprimé au Canada/History of the Book in Canada Open Conference for Volume II (1840-1914), Bibliothèque nationale du Québec, Montreal, 18-19 May 2001, by Carl Spadoni (CONFERENCE REPORTS) (p. 5); BOOK REVIEWS, by Paul Arblaster, Alexandra Franklin, Emily B. Todd, David Chambers, William Noblett, Yannick Portebois, Peter R. Frank, Jonathan Rose, Graeme Gooday, Robert Matuozzi, Jon Topham, Linda K. Hughes, Priscilla Coit Murphy, Amy M. Thomas, Martin Harris (pp. 5-14).

This lists references and resources (mostly on the Internet) that are used in support of graduate instruction in the area of Organization of Information.