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    PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN COTTON GENOTYPES AS AFFECTED BY PLANT AGE AND PLANTING DENSITIES.

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    Author
    MU'ALLEM, ABUBAKER SALEM.
    Issue Date
    1987
    Keywords
    Cotton -- Physiology.
    Plants -- Aging.
    Leaves -- Growth.
    Advisor
    Huramoto, H.
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    The University of Arizona.
    Rights
    Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
    Abstract
    Physiological characteristics of three cotton genotypes were evaluated for their responses to plant aging under high and low planting density (HPD and LPD) treatments. In addition, the relationship of these physiological characteristics to fruit production were determined. Two genotypes are sympodia producing, "Pima S-6" (Gossypium barbadense L.) and "Deltapine 90" (DPL-90) (G. hirustum L.). The third, a "Cluster Selection" (G. barbadense L.) does not produce sympodia. These genotypes were grown on a Gila sandy loam soil at Tucson, Arizona in 1984 and 1985. Plant physiological characteristics were measured under field conditions at 5 intervals. Leaf physiological characteristics were determined at 7 different leaf ages. LPD treatment significantly reduced total dry weight (TDW), fruit dry weight (FDW), and leaf area index (LAI) in each genotype, but reductions were more pronounced in Pima S-6 and Cluster Selection in both seasons. However, LPD treatment significantly increased plant leaf area, but had no effect on specific leaf weight (SLW), petiole nitrate-nitrogen (Petiole NO₃-N) concentration, leaf area ratio (LAR), and fruiting index (FI), for all genotypes in both seasons. The aging patterns of all physiological characteristics were similar in both planting density treatments, regardless of genotype or season. Regression analyses showed that photosynthetic rate was curvilinearly correlated with leaf age (r² = 0.65 to 0.77, P < 0.01). However, petiole NO₃-N concentration decreased linearly with increasing leaf age (r² = 0.90 to 0.91, P < 0.01). Photosynthetic rate increased curvilinearly with increasing petiole NO₃-N concentration (r² = 0.61 to 0.79, P < 0.01). SLW was not correlated with leaf age, or other leaf physiological characteristics regardless of planting density treatment in 1985. TDW, FI, and LAI were directly related, while petiole NO₃-N concentration and LAR were inversely related to fruit production for all genotypes in both seasons. Multiple regression analyses showed that excluding planting density treatment effect, TDW, FI, and LAI were the most important variables incorporated for fruit prediction in both seasons.
    Type
    text
    Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)
    Degree Name
    Ph.D.
    Degree Level
    doctoral
    Degree Program
    Plant Sciences
    Graduate College
    Degree Grantor
    University of Arizona
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