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    The ethnobotany and phenology of plants in and adjacent to two riparian habitats in southeastern Arizona.

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    Author
    Adams, Karen Rogers.
    Issue Date
    1988
    Keywords
    Ethnobotany -- Arizona -- Ramsey Canyon.
    Ethnobotany -- Arizona -- Canelo Hills.
    Riparian plants.
    Paleobotany -- Arizona -- Ramsey Canyon.
    Paleobotany -- Arizona -- Canelo Hills.
    Riparian ecology -- Arizona -- Ramsey Canyon.
    Riparian ecology -- Arizona -- Canelo Hills.
    Plant phenology -- Arizona -- Ramsey Canyon.
    Plant phenology -- Arizona -- Canelo Hills.
    Palynology -- Arizona -- Ramsey Canyon.
    Palynology -- Arizona -- Canelo Hills.
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    Advisor
    Asdall, Willard Van
    
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    Publisher
    The University of Arizona.
    Rights
    Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
    Abstract
    Two riparian habitats in southeastern Arizona provide the setting for a study of 127 plants useful to human foragers. A view of plant part availability is based on annual phenological profiles, and on historic and prehistoric records of plant use. Food choice is limited in March and April, but high August through November. Riparian plants also offer numerous non-food resources. Trees and shrubs serve more needs in relation to number of available species than do perennial herbs (including grasses) and annuals. Southwestern ethnographic literature hints that certain native taxa (Panicum, Physalis, Populus, Salix, Typha and Vitis) might receive special care. Inherent qualities of parts, coupled with ethnographic records of preparation and use, provide a basis for speculation on which parts might survive in an ancient record. Most are expected to disintegrate in open sites. Parts sought for different needs can enter a dwelling via diverse routes that produce confusingly similar archaeological debris. Modern experiments to wash pollen from 14 separate harvests permit evaluation of plant fruit and leaves as pollen traps, to help interpret pollen recovered from ancient dwellings. High amounts of Berberis, Rumex and Ribes pollen, sometimes in clumps or as tetrads, travel on harvested fruit. Arctostaphylos, Monarda, Oxalis, Rhus, Rhamnus, Vitis and Juniperus parts carry lower amounts. Quercus and Gramineae pollen grains travel on parts of other taxa, as well as on their own fruit. The phenological profiles offer insight into group life-form activities in response to local temperature and precipitation trends. Rising and maximum temperatures coincide with intense vegetative and reproductive activity for trees, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. Increased levels of precipitation coincide with maximum flowering and fruiting of herbaceous perennials and fall annuals. Limited data on six taxa from Utah generally agrees with observations in this study, suggesting strong genetic control in the phenology of some riparian taxa.
    Type
    text
    Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)
    Degree Name
    Ph.D.
    Degree Level
    doctoral
    Degree Program
    Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
    Graduate College
    Degree Grantor
    University of Arizona
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