Word processing: The effect on the type of revisions made by young writers.

Abstract

Research studies conducted where word processing programs were used for composition and revision indicate that computers affect the way writers at all maturity levels compose and revise. Student writers, as a rule, are not given an opportunity to use word processing for composing since many schools are not equipped with enough computer terminals to allow for extensive use of word processing by teachers in their writing programs. However, when student writers are able to use word processing, research indicates they are motivated to spend more time writing, they have a better attitude about revising, and they begin to understand that one draft does not represent a finished product. These three findings would indicate that word processing is a positive alternative to the traditional paper and pencil composition instruction used to teach writing and revising. Encouraged by the positive results of previous research findings, this study was constructed to provide a group of young writers with intensive writing practice using the APPLEWORKS word processing system. The goal of the study was to build on the motivational aspects of computer use and to determine if combining it with use of word processing software would encourage higher level revision strategies to develop in student writers. A variety of writing topics were presented to two groups of seventh grade students and three levels of revisions (mechanical, structural and conceptual) were monitored during one school semester. The importance of revising was stressed to both groups, and students were encouraged to revise often and get feedback on each revision. A higher incidence of structural and/or conceptual revisions to a composition would indicate a shift in revision strategy, since student writers primarily focus on mechanical revision. Structural revisions made by the word processing group showed a significant change that was not evident in the group writing with paper and pencil. This would indicate the use of word processing does impact levels of revision with student writers. A questionnaire is also included in the study. It was designed to gauge a student's perception of the revision process as a result of the study.