MMPI patterns in codependency: Before and after treatment.

Abstract

The term "codependency" is emerging in the mental health field on a daily basis. However, along with this term comes confusion regarding what "codependency" is and how to effectively treat it. Since the term originated within the addiction studies arena, Twelve-Step programs have taken on the challenge of treating the fast-growing population of "codependents". The purpose of the present study was twofold. First, it investigated personality characteristics and traits shared by individuals having been treated for codependency issues. And second, it investigated the effects of a Twelve-Step, intensive, residential treatment program on these individuals. The subjects used in this study were identified as "codependents" due to significant, dysfunctional relationships within their lives. The research questions investigated by this study included the following: (1) What are the common demographic, personality or behavioral characteristics seen in individuals with codependency issues? And are there other identifiable factors considered contributory to treatment outcome? (2) Is intensive, short-term, residential treatment based on the Twelve-Step model, an effective approach with individuals dealing with codependency issues? (3) Do changes made during the course of treatment remain stable over time? The instruments utilized in this study to answer the above research questions included the MMPI and a Self-Evaluation Questionnaire developed by the investigator. Individuals who had been out of treatment for at least three months were solicited for their participation. Fifty subjects were used. Results showed that individuals treated for codependency tend to have low self-esteem, self-deprecation, stress, rebellion and anger, physical complaints, depression, high dependency needs, mistrust in others, and limited ego strength. They shared many diagnostic characteristics with the Self-defeating, Borderline and Dependent Personality Disorders. Treatment intervention proved to be effective in diminishing elevated levels of psychopathology. The results obtained at the time of discharge from treatment remained stable over an extended period of time.