Knowledge-structured information systems for understanding: An architecture and an implementation.

Abstract

This research addresses the problem of developing computer-based systems to support the understanding of information by executive level users. The approach taken is based on the use of prior knowledge in the form of knowledge (cognitive) structures to understand new information. The knowledge structures used are case, schemata, concepts, and semantic networks. A system architecture for supporting information understanding, the Understanding Support System (USS), was developed and was implemented on an Apple Mac using HyperCard software. The USS is implemented in an object-oriented architecture using hypertext organization methods to support the cognitive process of associative information development and retrieval. Node and link representation and associative schemes are used to store and represent cognitive structures in the form of networks of interlinked nodes of knowledge. These networks are treated as individual units by the USS. The current system supports a single user for: (1) building mental representations, (2) using prior knowledge in the form of knowledge nodes, knowledge structures, and case knowledge, (3) using knowledge structures for knowledge base access, and (4) navigation of the knowledge base through links that associate knowledge nodes in the cognitive structures. Eventually the USS can support use of a corporate knowledge base by many users. An evaluation of the USS based on human-computer research methodologies for systems development is discussed.