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dc.contributor.authorWitt-Enderby, Paula Ann.
dc.creatorWitt-Enderby, Paula Ann.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2011-10-31T18:06:33Z
dc.date.available2011-10-31T18:06:33Z
dc.date.issued1993en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10150/186353
dc.description.abstractThe traditional approach to treating asthma includes the use of bronchodilator drugs, in particular β₂-adrenergic agonists and anti-cholinergics. It has been shown clinically that regularly scheduled use of both types of bronchodilators may result in a worsening of asthma. This dissertation evaluates the pulmonary effects of long-term bronchodilator administration in our animal model, the rabbit, at the level of the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) and muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) located on airway smooth muscle. A four week infusion of the β₂ agonist bronchodilator, albuterol (6 mg/kg/day), resulted in a desensitization (lower affinity) and down-regulation of the βAR in tracheal smooth muscle (predominantly β₂ βAR subtype), mainstem bronchial smooth muscle (predominantly β₂ PAR subtype), and peripheral lung (predominantly β₁ βAR subtype) with no change in either affinity or βAR number in heart (predominantly β₁ βAR) as determined by radioligand binding analysis using the radioligand dihydroalprenolol ([³H] DHA). However, the βAR were not desensitized functionally in that isoproterenol-induced relaxations were not significantly different from control. In contrast, the functional response of the mAChR was increased significantly as compared to control in that the efficacy of methacholine-induced contractions was increased in mainstem bronchial and similarly in tracheal rings. However, the affinity and density of mAChR were not significantly different from the control values as determined by radioligand binding analysis using the radioligand quinuclidinyl benzilate ([³H] QNB). Chronic anti-cholinergic bronchodilator exposure using atropine (4 mg/kg/day) resulted in an increase in the efficacy of methacholine-induced contractile response of mainstem bronchial and tracheal rings with a concomitant increase in mAChR density in both tissues. Differential regulation of the mAChR may be occurring as demonstrated by experiments which show that chronic atropine exposure increased the M₃ mAChR subtype density to a greater extent than the M₂ mAChR subtype. This suggests that the methacholine-induced hyperresponsiveness seen clinically with chronic anti-cholinergic bronchodilator therapy may be due to an up-regulation of the M₃ mAChR in airway smooth muscle involved in bronchoconstriction.
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherThe University of Arizona.en_US
dc.rightsCopyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.en_US
dc.subjectDissertations, Academic.en_US
dc.subjectPharmacology.en_US
dc.titleBronchodilator effects on mechanisms involved in airway responsivenessen_US
dc.typetexten_US
dc.typeDissertation-Reproduction (electronic)en_US
dc.contributor.chairYamamura, Henryen_US
dc.identifier.oclc720383181en_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Arizonaen_US
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen_US
dc.contributor.committeememberBloom, Johnen_US
dc.contributor.committeememberFrench, Edwarden_US
dc.contributor.committeememberLaird, Hugh II
dc.identifier.proquest9408386en_US
thesis.degree.disciplinePharmacology & Toxicologyen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineGraduate Collegeen_US
thesis.degree.namePh.D.en_US
dc.description.noteThis item was digitized from a paper original and/or a microfilm copy. If you need higher-resolution images for any content in this item, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
dc.description.admin-noteOriginal file replaced with corrected file October 2023.
refterms.dateFOA2018-08-18T08:35:52Z
html.description.abstractThe traditional approach to treating asthma includes the use of bronchodilator drugs, in particular β₂-adrenergic agonists and anti-cholinergics. It has been shown clinically that regularly scheduled use of both types of bronchodilators may result in a worsening of asthma. This dissertation evaluates the pulmonary effects of long-term bronchodilator administration in our animal model, the rabbit, at the level of the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) and muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) located on airway smooth muscle. A four week infusion of the β₂ agonist bronchodilator, albuterol (6 mg/kg/day), resulted in a desensitization (lower affinity) and down-regulation of the βAR in tracheal smooth muscle (predominantly β₂ βAR subtype), mainstem bronchial smooth muscle (predominantly β₂ PAR subtype), and peripheral lung (predominantly β₁ βAR subtype) with no change in either affinity or βAR number in heart (predominantly β₁ βAR) as determined by radioligand binding analysis using the radioligand dihydroalprenolol ([³H] DHA). However, the βAR were not desensitized functionally in that isoproterenol-induced relaxations were not significantly different from control. In contrast, the functional response of the mAChR was increased significantly as compared to control in that the efficacy of methacholine-induced contractions was increased in mainstem bronchial and similarly in tracheal rings. However, the affinity and density of mAChR were not significantly different from the control values as determined by radioligand binding analysis using the radioligand quinuclidinyl benzilate ([³H] QNB). Chronic anti-cholinergic bronchodilator exposure using atropine (4 mg/kg/day) resulted in an increase in the efficacy of methacholine-induced contractile response of mainstem bronchial and tracheal rings with a concomitant increase in mAChR density in both tissues. Differential regulation of the mAChR may be occurring as demonstrated by experiments which show that chronic atropine exposure increased the M₃ mAChR subtype density to a greater extent than the M₂ mAChR subtype. This suggests that the methacholine-induced hyperresponsiveness seen clinically with chronic anti-cholinergic bronchodilator therapy may be due to an up-regulation of the M₃ mAChR in airway smooth muscle involved in bronchoconstriction.


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