The application of Spanish folk music in the piano suite

Abstract

Iberia, Albeniz' acknowledged masterpiece, was published during 1906-1909, the last three years of the composer's life. The suite, subtitled Twelve New Impressions, are picturesque, evocative descriptions of Spanish scenes and landscapes, although for the most part centered around Andalusia. Albeniz has made full use of the wealth of Spanish folk music in his compositional style, and the movements of Iberia represent a synthesis of the characteristic elements of Spanish folk music. These elements may be considered according to the following three main categories: (1) the rhythms of Spanish dance especially those belonging to the body of Andalusian folk music known as flamenco, (2) the characteristics of Spanish folk song, and (3) the guitar idiom. This study identifies and examines the numerous aspects of folk music employed in Iberia, and in several instances compares Albeniz' stylizations with quotations of authentic folk music. The purpose of this study is to afford the pianist who wishes to perform Iberia, a greater insight into the interpretive requirements of this masterpiece. It is also hoped that the interested musician will be led to a further exploration of the richness of Spanish folk music. This of course will allow an even fuller understanding and appreciation of Iberia.