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    Geomorphic modeling and routing improvements for GIS-based watershed assessment in arid regions.

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    Author
    Semmens, Darius James.
    Issue Date
    2004
    Keywords
    Hydrology.
    Watershed management -- Arizona.
    Arid regions.
    Committee Chair
    Osterkamp, Waite R.
    
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    Publisher
    The University of Arizona.
    Rights
    Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
    Abstract
    Watershed models have two significant shortcomings that limit their application to management problems in arid and semi-arid regions. The first is that the performance of event-based hydrologic models for ephemeral stream networks declines significantly as watershed size increases. The second is that no single model is capable of simulating runoff, erosion, and geomorphic response in the channel network for multiple consecutive events. A diffusion-wave routing subroutine was developed for the Kinematic Runoff and Erosion Model (K_INEROS2) using a four-point iterative solution to the modified variable-parameter Muskingum-Cunge (MVPMC4) technique. It was tested against kinematic-wave routing at scales ranging from 0.05 to 150 km² on the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeastern Arizona. Analyses demonstrated that MVPMC4 routing significantly improves simulated outflow hydrographs for small to moderate events on watersheds that are 95 km2 and larger. A geomorphic model was developed by modifying KINEROS2 to compute width, depth and slope adjustments from computed changes in sediment storage at each time step. Width and depth adjustments are determined by minimizing total stream power for each reach. A GIS-based interface was developed for model parameterization, coordinating multiple-event batch simulations, tracking cumulative geomorphic change, computing the sediment mass balance, visualizing results, and comparing results from different simulations.
    Type
    Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)
    text
    Degree Name
    Ph. D.
    Degree Level
    doctoral
    Degree Program
    Renewable Natural Resources
    Graduate College
    Degree Grantor
    University of Arizona
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