Timing Nematicide Application for Control of Stem Nematodes Infecting Arizona Alfalfa

Abstract

The stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci attacks non-dormant Arizona alfalfa in the desert valleys; damage occurs during the cooler months of fall and spring. Efforts to introduce and retain resistant alfalfa has had limited success. From October until temperatures decrease below 50 F., the nematode reproduces and feeds. In warmer years, damage may be sustained from October until spring temperatures exceed 85 F. Chemical control may be warranted during these periods of feeding activity. Field trials were established to determine the efficacy of pesticides registered for use in alfalfa. Temil; Vydate, Furdan, Disyston, Thimet and Dasanit applied either in fall or spring were effective in controlling populations when first detected following dormancy. The best control is obtained when pesticides are applied immediately after harvest and prior to irrigation. Yield increases up to 15-25% were obtained with decreased yields in non -treated controls of 40-80%. Stand decline was reduced as much as 50% when treatments were correctly applied.