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The study of plant and mineral use by culturally affiliated Pueblo people was initiated in response to federal legislation that arose following the Cerro Grande fire, which began as a prescribed fire in the Upper Frijoles Units 1 and 5 of Bandelier National Monument. It escaped prescription on May 5, 2000, lasted 16 days and burned approximately 45,000 acres of land in and around Bandelier National Monument. The loss of natural resources upon which the Pueblos depended resulted in Division C – Cerro Grande Fire of the 2001 Appropriations Bill (P.L. 106-246, July 26, 2000), which included Title I - Cerro Grande Fire Assistance Act, and Title II - Cerro Grande Fire Emergency Supplemental Appropriations to provide compensation for local damages.

Under the Bureau of Indian Affairs’ appropriations of Title II (P.L. 106-246, 114 Stat. 592), funds were set aside for the Pueblos of Santa Clara and San Ildefonso to deal with restoration, rehabilitation, and reforestation of tribal lands adversely impacted by the Cerro Grande fire. The Pueblos’ connections with many traditional plants and minerals also received attention. A general provision of Title II (P.L. 106-246, 114 Stat. 592) addressed traditional use of plant and mineral resources in Bandelier National Monument by the Pueblos of San Ildefonso and Santa Clara.

The documents produced during this project weres based upon the established literature describing the traditional association of Pueblo tribes with Bandelier National Monument include both San Ildefonsa, Santa Clara as well as the Pueblos of Cochiti, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, and Zuñi. These Pueblos are culturally affiliated with the park because they are aboriginal inhabitants of the lands now occupied by Bandelier National Monument. Cultural affiliation is descriptive of the relationships each of these Pueblos has with Bandelier National Monument, its natural resources, and the surrounding landscape.

Due to agreements with the involved tribes the reports are not available to the general public and are only available to tribal members and appropriate Bandelier National Monument staff. Available in this collection is a presentation that was given to tribal and park service personnel which offers a summary of findings and management recommendations.

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