Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

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  Reality TV, Relational Aggression, And Romance: The Effects of Reality Show Viewing On Relational Aggression and Relational Quality in Romantic Relationships

  Segrin, Chris G.; Swiatkowski, Paulina; Segrin, Chris G.; Stevens Aubrey, Jennifer L.; Bonito, Joseph A. (The University of Arizona., 2018)

  Reality shows remain a prominent genre of today’s media culture. More importantly, plot lines tend to be dominated by interpersonal relationship trajectories, which often include conflict such as relational aggression (Coyne, Robins, & Nelson, 2010). When relational aggression is included in analyses that compare the content of scripted and reality shows, researchers find that aggression is more likely to occur in reality shows than scripted shows (Coyne et al., 2010). Furthermore, reality shows are often described as “unscripted,” portraying “real” people during their “ordinary” days (Riddle & De Simone, 2013). Relational aggression is link to physical violence and other poor social and psychological effects (e.g., Caetano, Vaeth, & Ramisetty-Mikler, 2008; Linder, Crick, & Collins, 2002) and, therefore, needs better understanding. Therefore, the present study’s theoretical foundation in cultivation theory, theory of reasoned action, social cognitive theory, and social comparison theory sought to understand how reality shows influence adult viewers and their perceptions and behaviors within romantic relationships. Four-week longitudinal data from 117 dyads was analyzed for potential media effects and how those effects could influence relational aggression within relationships and relational quality. The results suggest minimal media effects but do support negative longitudinal effects of relational aggression on relational quality. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
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  An analysis of sociodemographic and health-related variables related to occurrence and treatment outcome in Mexican American and non-Hispanic white clients diagnosed with alcohol-related disorders

  Reed, Pamela; Garduño, Rosemarie; Glittenberg, Jody; Colbert, Lucy (The University of Arizona., 1995)

  This study analyzed sociodemographic and health-related variables related to occurrence and treatment outcome in Mexican American and non-Hispanic white clients diagnosed with alcohol-related disorders. A sample of 551 clients diagnosed with alcohol abuse and dependence in a community treatment center were analyzed in the context of three research questions. Demographic and treatment outcome comparisons were made between two prominent ethnic groups--Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. A demographic and health risk profile was derived utilizing standard statistical methods. The findings of the study suggest that Mexican Americans differ from non-Hispanic whites in various demographic characteristics and treatment outcome variables. However, considerable cross-cultural complexity exists such that more refined comparisons are essential in order to derive meaningful program design and clinical treatment strategies.
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  Accurate genome relative abundance estimation for closely related species in a metagenomic sample

  Sohn, Michael; An, Lingling; Pookhao, Naruekamol; Li, Qike; Interdisciplinary Program in Statistics, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA (BioMed Central, 2014)

  BACKGROUND:Metagenomics has a great potential to discover previously unattainable information about microbial communities. An important prerequisite for such discoveries is to accurately estimate the composition of microbial communities. Most of prevalent homology-based approaches utilize solely the results of an alignment tool such as BLAST, limiting their estimation accuracy to high ranks of the taxonomy tree.RESULTS:We developed a new homology-based approach called Taxonomic Analysis by Elimination and Correction (TAEC), which utilizes the similarity in the genomic sequence in addition to the result of an alignment tool. The proposed method is comprehensively tested on various simulated benchmark datasets of diverse complexity of microbial structure. Compared with other available methods designed for estimating taxonomic composition at a relatively low taxonomic rank, TAEC demonstrates greater accuracy in quantification of genomes in a given microbial sample. We also applied TAEC on two real metagenomic datasets, oral cavity dataset and Crohn's disease dataset. Our results, while agreeing with previous findings at higher ranks of the taxonomy tree, provide accurate estimation of taxonomic compositions at the species/strain level, narrowing down which species/strains need more attention in the study of oral cavity and the Crohn's disease.CONCLUSIONS:By taking account of the similarity in the genomic sequence TAEC outperforms other available tools in estimating taxonomic composition at a very low rank, especially when closely related species/strains exist in a metagenomic sample.