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dc.contributor.advisorSterling, Charles R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorCama-Lee, Vitaliano Antonio
dc.creatorCama-Lee, Vitaliano Antonioen_US
dc.date.accessioned2013-04-11T08:35:55Z
dc.date.available2013-04-11T08:35:55Z
dc.date.issued2000en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10150/279852
dc.description.abstractCryptosporidium parvum is a ubiquitous parasite affecting a wide range of mammals. In immune competent hosts it causes profuse self-resolving diarrhea. In those with impaired immunity, diarrhea persists while the deficiency prevails because there are no effective therapies available. Previous studies reported the benefits of polyclonal antibodies for treating cryptosporidiosis. Data from preliminary studies supported the anti-parasitic efficacy of bovine and hen egg yolk polyclonal antibody preparations. Preliminary in vivo testing showed significant reductions in the parasite loads (p < 0.05) of animals treated with yolk antibodies when compared to controls. Preparations of anti-C. parvum polyclonal antibodies from human breast milk, bovine colostrum and chicken egg yolks were obtained and tested in vitro for activity and potency and subsequently tested for efficacy in comparative in vivo studies. Hen egg yolk preparations were significantly more efficacious (p < 0.01) and subsequently evaluated in human clinical trials. Analysis of data from the trial showed beneficial therapeutic value and also the need for improvements in the egg yolk formulations. Further work directed towards antibody concentration and lipid reductions were performed. The dilution of egg yolks with water precipitated the lipids and the lipid-reduced supernatant fluids were lyophilized resulting in an enhanced formulation with increased anti-cryptosporidial potency and about 90% reduction in the lipid contents. The efficacy of the enhanced preparations was also tested in vivo with parasite reductions in the order of 90%. Hen egg yolk antibodies could be a valuable component for treating or controlling enteric cryptosporidiosis.
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherThe University of Arizona.en_US
dc.rightsCopyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.en_US
dc.subjectBiology, Microbiology.en_US
dc.titleEvaluation of passive immune therapies for the oral treatment of cryptosporidiosisen_US
dc.typetexten_US
dc.typeDissertation-Reproduction (electronic)en_US
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Arizonaen_US
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen_US
dc.identifier.proquest3002529en_US
thesis.degree.disciplineGraduate Collegeen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineVeterinary Science and Microbiologyen_US
thesis.degree.namePh.D.en_US
dc.identifier.bibrecord.b41426927en_US
refterms.dateFOA2018-09-04T06:59:34Z
html.description.abstractCryptosporidium parvum is a ubiquitous parasite affecting a wide range of mammals. In immune competent hosts it causes profuse self-resolving diarrhea. In those with impaired immunity, diarrhea persists while the deficiency prevails because there are no effective therapies available. Previous studies reported the benefits of polyclonal antibodies for treating cryptosporidiosis. Data from preliminary studies supported the anti-parasitic efficacy of bovine and hen egg yolk polyclonal antibody preparations. Preliminary in vivo testing showed significant reductions in the parasite loads (p < 0.05) of animals treated with yolk antibodies when compared to controls. Preparations of anti-C. parvum polyclonal antibodies from human breast milk, bovine colostrum and chicken egg yolks were obtained and tested in vitro for activity and potency and subsequently tested for efficacy in comparative in vivo studies. Hen egg yolk preparations were significantly more efficacious (p < 0.01) and subsequently evaluated in human clinical trials. Analysis of data from the trial showed beneficial therapeutic value and also the need for improvements in the egg yolk formulations. Further work directed towards antibody concentration and lipid reductions were performed. The dilution of egg yolks with water precipitated the lipids and the lipid-reduced supernatant fluids were lyophilized resulting in an enhanced formulation with increased anti-cryptosporidial potency and about 90% reduction in the lipid contents. The efficacy of the enhanced preparations was also tested in vivo with parasite reductions in the order of 90%. Hen egg yolk antibodies could be a valuable component for treating or controlling enteric cryptosporidiosis.


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