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    Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation in aged humans and C57BL/6 mice

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    Author
    Araghi-Niknam, Moshen, 1960-
    Issue Date
    1997
    Keywords
    Health Sciences, Pharmacology.
    Biology, Animal Physiology.
    Health Sciences, Human Development.
    Health Sciences, Immunology.
    Advisor
    Watson, Ronald R.
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    The University of Arizona.
    Rights
    Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
    Abstract
    DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) is a major adrenal hormone, with known accepted function. In both animals and humans low DHEA and DHEA-sulfate levels are associated with a number of problems in the aging: immunosenescence, increased mortality, increased incidence of several cancers, loss of sleep, decreased feelings of well-being, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis and premature death. DHEA hormone replacement in aged mice significantly normalized immunosenescence suggesting that this hormone plays a key role in aging and stimulating immune regulation in mice. Similarly osteoclasts and lymphoid cells, were stimulated by DHEA replacement which should delay osteoporosis. Recent studies do not support the original suggestion that low serum DHEA levels were associated with Alzheimer's and other losses of mental function in aged people. As DHEA modulates energy metabolism low levels should affect lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis, increasing the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Most of the actions of DHEA restoration are hypothesized from epidemiological or animal model studies and need to be tested in human trials. Those conducted in humans show essentially no toxicity of DHEA treatment at levels restoring serum DHEAS levels without evidence of altering some aging physiological systems. Thus DHEA is a steroid whose deficiency could facilitate development of some diseases common to the aged. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate (DHEAS) are steroids, synthesized from cholesterol (Fig. 1.1). While DHEA is secreted primarily by the adrenal gland in larger quantities than any other adrenal steroid including cortisol, the precise functions of DHEA and DHEAS in humans are not known (1-5). The decline of DHEAS levels during aging is parallel to development of immunosensecence, an inability to conserve protein, a physical frailty, decreased muscle mass, an increased fat mass, decreased ability to cope, disrupted sleep patterns and increased incidence of disease. Thus DHEAS serves as a marker of aging in humans. While the precise biological functions of DHEA and DHEAS are not known, both animal and human studies suggest some hypotheses while dispelling others. Therefore key physiological dysfunctions are investigated here to determine biological relationships which participate in the declining blood levels of DHEA with age.
    Type
    text
    Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)
    Degree Name
    Ph.D.
    Degree Level
    doctoral
    Degree Program
    Graduate College
    Nutritional Sciences
    Degree Grantor
    University of Arizona
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