Toxic and mutagenic potentials of herbal teas

Abstract

Three commercially available herbal tea preparations (Weightless, Female Toner, and PMS) and one single ingredient herbal preparation, Chaparral (Larrea tridentata), were sequentially extracted with solvents of decreasing polarity (water, methanol and chloroform) and the crude extracts obtained screened for toxic/mutagenic potentials using the brine shrimp (Artemia sp.), mouse acute toxicity, Salmonella/microsomal mutagenicity, and chicken embryo bioassays. The crude aqueous extract from Weightless Tea was very toxic to brine shrimp larvae and had a cathartic action in mice at the highest concentration tested. While Weightless tea crude water extract was not mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 at the concentrations tested, three chromatographic isolates obtained from a silica Gel 60 column were mutagenic to the test organism. Two of these isolates were detoxified after inclusion of a microsomal activation system. The teratogenic potentials of these isolates are unknown as the results obtained from the chicken embryo bioassay were not conclusive.