A linear relationship between point precipitation and elevation in conjunction with a computer four-point interpolation technique was used to simulate areal rainfall over Sonoita Creek Basin, Arizona. The simulation's sensitivity and accuracy were checked against the official isohyetal map of Arizona (Univ. of Arizona, 1965) by changing the density of the interpolation nodes. The simulation was found to be in good agreement with the official map. The average areal-rainfall was calculated by integration. Cumulative rainfall amounts were assumed to be stochastically independent from one season to another. The seasonal precipitations of forty years (1932-1972) were subdivided into five groups. to check for binomial distribution. The binomial model fits the historical data adequately. The binomial model for cumulative seasonal areal-precipitation provides one way to compute the return period. This information will be necessary for decision-makers and hydrologists to predict the area's future water balance.

Hydrographs of runoff from small watersheds in semiarid regions often have a sharp peak with a relatively short time of rise followed by a slower recession and a tail of low flow. This characteristic shape suggests the possible use of a double triangle unit hydrograph recently introduced to hydrology. The shape of this unit hydrograph is specified by four parameters, which may be estimated by an optimization procedure based on using the sum of absolute deviations or some other suitable criterion as an objective function. Rainfall and runoff data for a number of storm events on a small watershed in the Santa Rita Experimental Range in southeastern Arizona have been analyzed to test the above idea. Double triangle unit hydrographs were fitted to individual storm events. The differences in the shapes of individual unit hydrographs were found to be small so that they could be approximated by a single double triangle unit hydrograph.

Flow frequency curves supported the hypothesis that channel-forming flows are exceptional events in ephemeral mountain streams. This was substantiated by the lack of a relationship between sediment production and sediment yield. Numerous bed nickpoints indicated channel instability, despite gravel bars and log steps that are part of the slope adjustment processes. Due to differences in structural density between bars and steps, size distribution of the sediment deposits above them differs. Although only qualitative guidelines are presented, the watershed or wildlife manager should be in a position to utilize the formation of gravel bars and log steps for his management goals.

Lynx Lake Watershed consists of approximately 13,600 acres of the Agua Fria drainage. About 13 percent of the area is patented mining claims (mainly copper} with numerous mining shafts, waste dumps, and mill tailings. Lynx Creek itself was once mined for gold and the creek bed still shows the scars of the dredging operations. Drainage from the numerous old mining sites show a certain extent of toxic mineral and sediment pollution of the water resources in the area. Lynx Creek carries runoff which is slightly acidic in nature and has a high concentration of copper, manganese, iron, zinc, and sulfates. The Sheldon Mine complex is considered one of the major sources of pollution to the lake. Aquatic life and recreation potential of the watershed is greatly reduced by the water pollution problem. The pollutants from the abandoned mine sites enter into Lynx Lake, a trout fisheries lake, which was created by damming the creek in 1962 by the Arizona Game and Fish Department. The Sheldon Tailings pond was rehabilitated during the summer of 1975 as part of a reclamation study and demonstration project that is currently in progress and being sponsored by SEAM (Surface Environment and Mining}. The study is being conducted cooperatively by the School of Renewable Resources, University of Arizona, and the Prescott National Forest. An excellent vegetative cover is established on the site and studies are being conducted to measure the beneficial effects of the reclamation on water quality.

Sabino Canyon Recreation Area, adjacent to Tucson, and a major water-based recreation complex within the Santa Catalina Mountains, Coronado National Forest, receives intensive recreational use. This natural water resource area with primary water contact activities was monitored for fecal coliform in accordance with U.S. Forest Service Regulation (FSM 2542.2). As part of a larger study, this report discusses the relationships between time, day, and location of sampling with fecal coliform bacterial concentrations in Sabino Creek. Analysis of Variance shows that fecal coliform concentrations were higher: 1) on Sunday than Wednesday, 2) at 4:00PM than 8:00AM or 12:00 Noon, and 3) in the lower section of the four miles of the study area. This research provides the U.S. Forest Service with baseline water quality data and a benchmark from which to continue an efficient water quality monitoring program.

The North American Interstate Weather Modification Council was formed to coordinate intrastate, interstate and possible international weather modification activities. The main purpose of this organization is to achieve and maintain state and local control of such activities while endeavoring to attain a high degree of legislative uniformity and an effective information exchange mechanism. The need, goals and objectives of the newly created Council are summarized. A summary of the Council's progress at performing the purposes of the Council are presented in this paper. The potential use of this Council in the Southwest is described in relation to existing programs in weather modification in the area.

American legislative bodies and juries of laymen are founded on the concept that what a reasonable man would do is what will be done. In actuality the synergistic effects of prejudice, politics, and polarized language rarely allow this to occur. The result has been conflict of interest statutorily mandated on natural resource governing boards and a lack of expertise in the courtroom. Further contempt has developed between citizen and expert and between legislator and bureaucrat. I propose to explore the operative mechanism in the situation and discuss possible future roles for both citizen and expert as well as tools which could be utilized by them.