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    Nanoparticles Of PLGA With Encapsulated Insulin For Oral Controlled Release For Diabetes Treatment

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    Author
    Abduljawad, Marwan
    Issue Date
    2015
    Keywords
    drug delivery
    enzyme
    insulin
    nanoparticles
    PLGA
    Chemical Engineering
    activity
    Advisor
    Guzman, Roberto
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    The University of Arizona.
    Rights
    Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
    Abstract
    Insulin, a relatively low molecular weight protein has been used for decades in the treatment of diabetes; it has well-defined properties and delivery requirements. Due to the current increase of diabetes in the world improved insulin delivery systems could significantly influence the treatment of diabetes and the quality of life of the affected people. The main objective of this work was to encapsulate insulin in polymer nanoparticles of Poly (DL-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). Preliminary results of these functional therapeutic nanoparticles prepared with PVA and PLGA by using a double emulsion method (water/oil/water) were obtained in terms of encapsulation efficiency and effective insulin release from the nanoparticles. Assessing the bioactivity of insulin once encapsulated and released is not trivial, thus an indirect protein assay was developed to effectively and easily assess the activity of proteins going through these processes. Trypsin, a proteolitic enzyme was used as model protein to investigate the biological activity of encapsulated and released biomolecules. The activity of trypsin towards a synthetic substrate, DL-BAPNA was used to measure the enzyme kinetics and activity before encapsulation, while encapsulated and after the enzyme was released from the nanoparticles. Results show that the enzyme maintained substantial activity while encapsulated and after its release. It is anticipated that the biological activity after being released from the nanoparticles will remain biologically active, however, biological assays remain to be performed to corroborate this argument. In addition to release experiments with trypsin and insulin, other proteins were also studied. In all cases the release form the nanoparticles at 37 °C exhibited a three stage release process, The release process will be modeled according to developed mathematical models that consider initial burst of molecules, degradation of polymer and diffusion of molecules from the nanoparticles.
    Type
    text
    Electronic Thesis
    Degree Name
    M.S.
    Degree Level
    masters
    Degree Program
    Graduate College
    Chemical Engineering
    Degree Grantor
    University of Arizona
    Collections
    Master's Theses

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