Electronic Prescribing Requirements for Mid-level Practitioners in the United States
dc.contributor.advisor | Warholak, Terri | en |
dc.contributor.author | Shreve, Melissa | |
dc.contributor.author | Sawyer, Tatiana | |
dc.contributor.author | Nelson, Mel | |
dc.contributor.author | Warholak, Terri | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-06-21T20:28:24Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-06-21T20:28:24Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613944 | |
dc.description | Class of 2016 Abstract | en |
dc.description.abstract | Objectives: To identify which types of mid-level practitioners have prescribing authority in each state in the United States (US), compare the types of prescriptive authority for scheduled medications for mid-level practitioners, and delineate differences between state and federal requirements for electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) for mid-level practitioners in each state. Methods: A data extraction tool was developed and utilized to collect e-prescribing requirements and mid-level practitioner prescriptive authority from publically accessible state and federal websites. Dependent variables were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. A comparison of regional mid-level practitioner prescriptive authority patterns was conducted. Results: Mid-level practitioner prescriptive authority and e-prescribing requirements were collected from 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). For e-prescribing requirements, 19 (37%) states listed federal law requirements, 28 (55%) states listed requirements in addition to federal law, and 4 states (8%) did not specify requirements. Overall, over half of the US had more stringent e-prescribing requirements than federal law. States varied in which mid-level practitioners had authority to prescribe controlled substances: 98% of states allow nurse practitioners to prescribe; 96% allow physician assistants; 84% allow optometrists; 14% allow naturopathic doctors; 12% allow registered pharmacists; 8% allow certified nurse midwives, 4% allow homeopathic physicians, medical psychologists, and nursing homes; and 2% allow doctors of oriental medicine, certified chiropractors, clinical nurse specialists and/or advanced practice registered nurses. Conclusions: There are differences in e-prescribing requirements and varying levels of prescriptive authority for mid-level practitioners between US states. | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | en |
dc.publisher | The University of Arizona. | en |
dc.rights | Copyright © is held by the author. | en |
dc.rights.uri | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | |
dc.subject | Electronic prescribing | en |
dc.subject | practitioners | en |
dc.subject | United States (US) | en |
dc.subject.mesh | Electronic Prescribing | |
dc.title | Electronic Prescribing Requirements for Mid-level Practitioners in the United States | en_US |
dc.type | text | en |
dc.type | Electronic Report | en |
dc.contributor.department | College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona | en |
dc.description.collectioninformation | This item is part of the Pharmacy Student Research Projects collection, made available by the College of Pharmacy and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact Jennifer Martin, Librarian and Clinical Instructor, Pharmacy Practice and Science, jenmartin@email.arizona.edu. | en |
html.description.abstract | Objectives: To identify which types of mid-level practitioners have prescribing authority in each state in the United States (US), compare the types of prescriptive authority for scheduled medications for mid-level practitioners, and delineate differences between state and federal requirements for electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) for mid-level practitioners in each state. Methods: A data extraction tool was developed and utilized to collect e-prescribing requirements and mid-level practitioner prescriptive authority from publically accessible state and federal websites. Dependent variables were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. A comparison of regional mid-level practitioner prescriptive authority patterns was conducted. Results: Mid-level practitioner prescriptive authority and e-prescribing requirements were collected from 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). For e-prescribing requirements, 19 (37%) states listed federal law requirements, 28 (55%) states listed requirements in addition to federal law, and 4 states (8%) did not specify requirements. Overall, over half of the US had more stringent e-prescribing requirements than federal law. States varied in which mid-level practitioners had authority to prescribe controlled substances: 98% of states allow nurse practitioners to prescribe; 96% allow physician assistants; 84% allow optometrists; 14% allow naturopathic doctors; 12% allow registered pharmacists; 8% allow certified nurse midwives, 4% allow homeopathic physicians, medical psychologists, and nursing homes; and 2% allow doctors of oriental medicine, certified chiropractors, clinical nurse specialists and/or advanced practice registered nurses. Conclusions: There are differences in e-prescribing requirements and varying levels of prescriptive authority for mid-level practitioners between US states. |