Evaluation of Storage Conditions on Evaporation Rate of IV Solutions

Abstract

Specific Aims: To determine if temperature and direct sunlight influence the rate of evaporation of normal saline in 100mL IV bags. Methods: Four study groups were created; refrigeration, dark shelf, shelf near window, and EMT box simulation. 80 bags (50 ml bags of normal saline) placed in different areas of temperature change and sun exposure. 20 of the bags stored in a drawer in a refrigerator. 20 stored on a shelf in a dark temperature controlled room. 20 stored next to a window in direct sunlight, and 20 stored outside where temperature and sun exposure will be highest in an EMT simulated box. Weights were recorded (in gms) weekly for 8 weeks using an analytical balance. Each saline bag was weighed individually and recorded at the time of measurement. Main Results: Rates of volume loss were lower in the normal saline IV bags stored in a refrigerated environment compared to the other two groups stored at room temperature and the one group stored in outside conditions (p<0.001). IV bags stored at room temperature exposed to light had the second lowest rate of loss compared to the other two groups (p<0.001 compared to outside conditions and p=0.003 compared to closed drawer). Bags stored at room temperature in a closed door had the third lowest rate of loss (p<0.001). Conclusion: Rate of fluid loss from IV normal saline bags appears to be temperature sensitive and storage of these bags may have an impact on shelf life of the product.