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    Age-related deficits in inhibition in figure-ground assignment

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    Author
    Anderson, John A. E.
    Healey, M. Karl
    Hasher, Lynn
    Peterson, Mary A.
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol
    Univ Arizona, Cognit Sci Program
    Issue Date
    2016-05-06
    Keywords
    aging
    object perception
    figure-ground
    inhibition
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
    Citation
    Age-related deficits in inhibition in figure-ground assignment 2016, 16 (7):6 Journal of Vision
    Journal
    Journal of Vision
    Rights
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    We assessed age differences in the ability to resolve competition for figural status in stationary displays using small, enclosed, symmetrical silhouettes that participants classified as depicting "novel'' or "familiar'' shapes. The silhouettes were biased such that the inside was perceived as the shaped figure, and the outside was perceived as a shapeless ground. The critical manipulation was whether a portion of a meaningful object was suggested on the outside of the border of some of the novel silhouettes but not others M(+)Ground and M-Ground novel silhouettes, respectively). This manipulation was intended to induce greater inhibitory competition for figural status from the groundside in M(+)Ground silhouettes than M(-)Ground silhouettes. In previous studies, young adults classified M(+)Ground silhouettes as "novel'' faster than M(-)Ground silhouettes (Trujillo, Allen, Schnyer, & Peterson, 2010), suggesting that young adults may recruit more inhibition to resolve figure-ground when there is more competition. We replicated this effect with young adults in the present study, but older adults showed the opposite pattern and were less accurate in classifying M(+)Ground than M(-)Ground silhouettes. These results extend the evidence for inhibitory deficits in older adults to figure assignment in stationary displays. The (M(+)Ground - M(-)Ground) RT differences were evident in observers' longest responses, consistent with the hypothesis that inhibitory deficits are evident when the need for inhibition is substantial.
    Note
    Open access.
    ISSN
    1534-7362
    DOI
    10.1167/16.7.6
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    NSERC grant [NSERC 48723]; NSF BCS [0960529]; ONR [N00014-14-1-067]
    Additional Links
    http://jov.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?doi=10.1167/16.7.6
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1167/16.7.6
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