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    Improving Seed Spacing Uniformity of Precision Vegetable Planters

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    2016_Seed_Spacing_Unif_Appl_Eng.pdf
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    Author
    Siemens, M.C.
    Gayler, R.R.
    Affiliation
    Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona
    Issue Date
    2016
    Keywords
    Accuracy
    Belt planters
    Lettuce
    Planters
    Precision
    Seed spacing
    Thinning
    Uniformity
    Vacuum planters
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    ASABE
    Citation
    Siemens, M.C., & Gayler, R.R. (2016). Improving seed spacing uniformity of precision vegetable planters. Appl. Eng. Agric., 32(5), 579-587. DOI 10.13031/aea.32.11721.
    Journal
    Applied Engineering in Agriculture
    Rights
    © 2016 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Equidistant, uniform seed placement is important in lettuce production as seeds are densely planted within the row, typically only about 5 cm apart. When seeds are sown too close together, it is time consuming to thin seedlings to the desired plant spacing of 20 to 30 cm by hand and very difficult to do mechanically. The overall goal of the project was to improve lettuce seed placement accuracy and reduce the percentage of seeds spaced closely together. Specific objectives were: 1) to compare vacuum and belt-type planters to determine which style of planter provides better planting performance, 2) to evaluate belt planter seeding performance with different types of furrow openers, and 3) to develop practical modifications for vacuum planters to improve lettuce seed placement accuracy. Three vacuum planter configurations, an unmodified and two reduced seed drop height designs and a belt planter equipped with two types of furrow openers were tested in situ with pelleted lettuce seed at four travel speeds ranging from 1.6 to 4.0 kph. Belt planter performance was significantly better than that of the vacuum planter. Vacuum and belt planters both provided acceptable levels of performance at speeds below 2.4 kph, but at higher speeds, seed placement accuracy declined rapidly. No differences in planter performance were found between the two belt planter configurations tested. The mid-level drop height vacuum planter configuration had significantly better seed placement precision and fewer closely spaced seed spacings as compared to the unmodified vacuum planter. These findings illustrate the significant effect planter type, travel speed, and drop height have on planter performance. They also contradict the common perception that vacuum planters deliver seed more precisely and with fewer closely-spaced seeds as compared to belt planters. Further study is needed to determine the extent to which planter performance affects hand thinning labor costs, automated machine performance, final plant stand uniformity, and crop yield.
    Note
    If my manuscript is accepted for publication by ASABE, I hereby assign and transfer to ASABE all right, title, and interest in and to the copyright in said manuscript. ASABE in turn hereby grants to the author and, in the case of a work made for hire, his or her employer, a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to use and distribute the article by print, email, employer website, or personal website, provided that each copy includes the copyright notice appearing on the published article.
    ISSN
    0883-8542
    DOI
    10.13031/aea.32.11721
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    The Arizona Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Consultation and Training provided partial project funding using Specialty Crop Block Grant funds provided by the USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service. The views or findings presented are the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Arizona Department of Agriculture, the State of Arizona or the USDA.
    Additional Links
    http://elibrary.asabe.org/abstract.asp?aid=46280
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.13031/aea.32.11721
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