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    Objective Climatological Analysis of Extreme Weather Events in Arizona during the North American Monsoon

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    Author
    Mazon, Jeremy J.
    Castro, Christopher L.
    Adams, David K.
    Chang, Hsin-I
    Carrillo, Carlos M.
    Brost, John J.
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci
    Issue Date
    2016-11
    Keywords
    Empirical orthogonal functions
    Climate classification/regimes
    North America
    Monsoons
    Severe storms
    Summer/warm season
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
    Citation
    Objective Climatological Analysis of Extreme Weather Events in Arizona during the North American Monsoon 2016, 55 (11):2431 Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
    Journal
    Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
    Rights
    © 2016 American Meteorological Society
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Almost one-half of the annual precipitation in the southwestern United States occurs during the North American monsoon (NAM). Given favorable synoptic-scale conditions, organized monsoon thunderstorms may affect relatively large geographic areas. Through an objective analysis of atmospheric reanalysis and observational data, the dominant synoptic patterns associated with NAM extreme events are determined for the period from 1993 to 2010. Thermodynamically favorable extreme-weather-event days are selected on the basis of atmospheric instability and precipitable water vapor from Tucson, Arizona, rawinsonde data. The atmospheric circulation patterns at 500 hPa associated with the extreme events are objectively characterized using principal component analysis. The first two dominant modes of 500-hPa geopotential-height anomalies of the severe-weather-event days correspond to type-I and type-II severe-weather-event patterns previously subjectively identified by Maddox et al. These patterns reflect a positioning of the monsoon ridge to the north and east or north and west, respectively, from its position in the "Four Corners" region during the period of the climatological maximum of monsoon precipitation from mid-July to mid-August. An hourly radar gauge precipitation product shows evidence of organized, westward-propagating convection in Arizona during the type-I and type-II severe weather events. This new methodological approach for objectively identifying severe weather events may be easily adapted to inform operational forecasting or analysis of gridded climate data.
    Note
    Published Online: 4 November 2016; 6 month embargo
    ISSN
    1558-8424
    1558-8432
    DOI
    10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0075.1
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) through the U.S. Departments of Defense and Energy [RC-2205]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigation e Innovation Tecnologica (UNAM PAPIIT) [IA100916]
    Additional Links
    http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0075.1
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0075.1
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    UA Faculty Publications

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