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    A Theory-Driven Approach To Tree-Ring Standardization: Defining The Biological Trend From Expected Basal Area Increment

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    Author
    Biondi, Franco
    Qeadan, Fares
    Affiliation
    DendroLab, Department of Geography, University of Nevada
    Chair of Forest Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
    Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Nevada
    Issue Date
    2008-12
    Keywords
    Dendrochronology
    Tree Rings
    Tree Growth
    Forest Ecology
    Ring Width
    Regional Curve Standardization
    Ponderosa Pine
    Gus Pearson Research Area
    
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    Rights
    Copyright © Tree-Ring Society. All rights reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item is part of the Tree-Ring Research (formerly Tree-Ring Bulletin) archive. For more information about this peer-reviewed scholarly journal, please email the Editor of Tree-Ring Research at editor@treeringsociety.org.
    Publisher
    Tree-Ring Society
    Journal
    Tree-Ring Research
    Citation
    Biondi, F., Qeadan, F., 2008. A theory-driven approach to tree-ring standardization: Defining the biological trend from expected basal area increment. Tree-Ring Research 64(2):81-96.
    Abstract
    One of the main elements of dendrochronological standardization is removing the biological trend, i.e. the progressive decline of ring width along a cross-sectional radius that is caused by the corresponding increase in stem size and tree age over time. The ‘‘conservative’’ option for removing this biological trend is to fit a modified negative exponential curve (or a straight line with slope ≤ 0) to the ring-width measurements. This method is based on the assumption that, especially for open-grown and/or shade-intolerant species, annual growth rate of mature trees fluctuates around a specific level, expressed by a constant ring width. Because this method has numerical and conceptual drawbacks, we propose an alternative approach based on the assumption that constant growth is expressed by a constant basal area increment distributed over a growing surface. From this starting point, we derive a mathematical expression for the biological trend of ring width, which can be easily calculated and used for dendrochronological standardization. The proposed C-method is compared to other standardization techniques, including Regional Curve Standardization (RCS), of tree-ring width from ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P.Lawson & C.Lawson) located at the Gus Pearson Natural Area (GPNA) in northern Arizona, USA. Master ring-index chronologies built from ring area, RCS, and C-method reproduced stand-wide patterns of tree growth at the GPNA, whereas other standardization options, including the ‘‘conservative’’ one, failed to do so. In addition, the C-method has the advantage of calculating an expected growth curve for each tree, whereas RCS is based on applying the same growth curve to all trees. In conclusion, the C-method replaces the purely empirical ‘‘conservative’’ option with a theory based approach, which is applicable to individual ring-width measurement series, does not require fitting a growth curve using nonlinear regression, and can be rigorously tested for improving tree-ring records of environmental changes.
    ISSN
    2162-4585
    1536-1098
    Additional Links
    http://www.treeringsociety.org
    Collections
    Tree-Ring Research, Volume 64, Issue 2 (Dec 2008)

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