Aspheric/freeform optical surface description for controlling illumination from point-like light sources
| dc.contributor.author | Sasián, José | |
| dc.contributor.author | Reshidko, Dmitry | |
| dc.contributor.author | Li, Chia-Ling | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-03-02T19:20:33Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-03-02T19:20:33Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016-11-25 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Aspheric/freeform optical surface description for controlling illumination from point-like light sources 2016, 55 (11):115104 Optical Engineering | en |
| dc.identifier.issn | 0091-3286 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1117/1.OE.55.11.115104 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622704 | |
| dc.description.abstract | We present an optical surface in closed form that can be used to design lenses for controlling relative illumination on a target surface. The optical surface is constructed by rotation of the pedal curve to the ellipse about its minor axis. Three renditions of the surface are provided, namely as an expansion of a base surface, and as combinations of several base surfaces. Examples of the performance of the surfaces are presented for the case of a point light source. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS | en |
| dc.relation.url | http://opticalengineering.spiedigitallibrary.org/article.aspx?doi=10.1117/1.OE.55.11.115104 | en |
| dc.rights | © 2016 SPIE. | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | |
| dc.subject | aspheric surfaces | en |
| dc.subject | freeform surfaces | en |
| dc.subject | base surface | en |
| dc.subject | surface optimization | en |
| dc.subject | uniform illumination | en |
| dc.title | Aspheric/freeform optical surface description for controlling illumination from point-like light sources | en |
| dc.type | Article | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci | en |
| dc.identifier.journal | Optical Engineering | en |
| dc.description.collectioninformation | This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu. | en |
| dc.eprint.version | Final published version | en |
| dc.contributor.institution | University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States | |
| dc.contributor.institution | University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States | |
| dc.contributor.institution | University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States | |
| refterms.dateFOA | 2018-09-11T17:48:30Z | |
| html.description.abstract | We present an optical surface in closed form that can be used to design lenses for controlling relative illumination on a target surface. The optical surface is constructed by rotation of the pedal curve to the ellipse about its minor axis. Three renditions of the surface are provided, namely as an expansion of a base surface, and as combinations of several base surfaces. Examples of the performance of the surfaces are presented for the case of a point light source. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) |
Files in this item
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
The development of a mass spectrometry-based technique that uses low energy ion-surface collisions to characterize surfacesLow energy (tens of eV) ion-surface collisions carried out in a tandem mass spectrometer are investigated as a tool to characterize self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films. The target films are prepared by spontaneous chemisorption of thiol-based (HS-R) compounds onto Au (111) substrates. Most of the films used as targets contain alkane or fluoro-alkane backbones, some with unique groups in the terminal position (e.g., -CD₃, -OH, -OC(O)CF₃). Pyrazine is the most frequently used probe ion, however in certain cases other small organic molecules are also used. Common interactions between the impinging ion and the target film that vary as a function of film characteristics include, but are not limited to, reactive scattering, neutralization and T → V conversion. Pyrazine ion readily reacts when colliding with hydrocarbon films at 20-eV, forming product ions that incorporate a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. Several examples of the utility of these processes to characterize film properties are presented. For hydrocarbon films, ion-surface reactions of pyrazine ion resulting in addition of a hydrogen atom or a methyl group are shown to vary with the quality, chemical composition and orientation of the target film. Experiments with isotopically labeled films show that the ion beam interacts predominantly with the end groups of the film, however interactions with underlying groups increase as the film or substrate quality decreases. The orientation difference of odd and even chain length n-alkanethiols produces a measurably different degree of hydrogen addition with the higher free energy odd chain length orientation being more reactive. The composition of mixed component films (H, D or H, F) is tracked by measuring the abundance of unique reaction products, energy transfer (translational to vibrational conversion) and charge exchange properties. When mixed films containing deuterium labeled and unlabeled n-alkanethiols are subjected to collisions of 20-eV pyrazine ion, the D-addition ion abundance increases linearly with the surface concentration of D-containing alkane chains. When mixed films containing different ratios of H and F components are the target, several processes track with the changing population of surface species. As the target films become more fluorocarbon in nature H-addition decreases, total ion current reaching the detector increases, and dissociation increases. Several properties of electron transfer from the film to the ion are examined. When the probe ion and collision energy remain consant, charge exchange is shown to be primarily governed by the work function of the film and the thickness of the adsorbed layer. Fluorocarbon films, which have a higher work function than hydrocarbon films, consistently show less charge exchange. When comparing hydrocarbon films of varying chain lengths (ranging from 15 to 18 carbons), a increase of ∼1% in total ion current measured at the detector is observed for each additional methylene in the chain.
-
Effects of orientation and mobility of surface modifiers on the selectivity and efficiency of chemical interactions at selected chemically modified surfaces.Several surfaces chemically modified with a variety of surface modifiers have been studied using chromatographic, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computational techniques. The goal was to determine the effect of modifier structure on the solvation, selectivity, and efficiency of chemical interactions occurring at chemically modified surfaces. Oleyldimethylchlorosilane has been synthesized and bonded to silica to determine the effect of a conformational change at the center of the chain on the behavior of the entire surface. It has been shown with these studies that the configuration of the modifier plays an important role in determining the selectivity of chemical interactions at modified surfaces. By comparison with phospholipid bilayers, of the structure, solvation and dynamics of alkylmodified silicas has been achieved. Octyldimethylsilyl- and octadecyldimethylsilyl-modified silicas have been further reacted with t-butyltrichlorosilane, t-butyldimethylchlorosilane and trimethylchlorosilane to determine both the utility of t-butyltrichlorosilane as an end-capping reagent and the extent to which solvation of the near-surface region affects the performance of these surfaces. It was shown that the orientation and solvation of modifiers at the near surface has a profound effect on the selectivity and efficiency of chemical interactions at the surface. Sepharose gels modified with iminodiacetic acid have been studied by titrimetric and spectroscopic means. A model compound has been synthesized and characterized in solution. The results have led to a better understanding of the behavior of chelating agents at sepharose surfaces and the effects of immobilization on the behavior of ligands at a surface. Finally, quartz crystalline microbalances modified with physisorbed polymer layers have been studied by correspondence analysis. In this case, it has been shown that the polymer backbone of the modifying agent plays an important role in determining the selectivity of the modified surfaces. Together these studies have led to a more complete understanding of the effects of the structure and solvation of modified surfaces on the selectivity and efficiency of chemical interactions occurring at those surfaces. These observations apply to interactions occurring at chromatographic stationary phases and to interactions at chemically modified surfaces in general.
