Race and BMI modify associations of calcium and vitamin D intake with prostate cancer
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Author
Batai, Ken
Murphy, Adam B.
Ruden, Maria
Newsome, Jennifer
Shah, Ebony
Dixon, Michael A.
Jacobs, Elizabeth T.
Hollowell, Courtney M. P.
Ahaghotu, Chiledum
Kittles, Rick A.
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Univ Arizona, Ctr Canc, Coll Med, Div Urol,Dept SurgIssue Date
2017-01-19
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BIOMED CENTRAL LTDCitation
Race and BMI modify associations of calcium and vitamin D intake with prostate cancer 2017, 17 (1) BMC CancerJournal
BMC CancerRights
© The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
Background: African Americans have disproportionately higher burden of prostate cancer compared to European Americans. However, the cause of prostate cancer disparities is still unclear. Several roles have been proposed for calcium and vitamin D in prostate cancer pathogenesis and progression, but epidemiologic studies have been conducted mainly in European descent populations. Here we investigated the association of calcium and vitamin D intake with prostate cancer in multiethnic samples. Methods: A total of 1,657 prostate cancer patients who underwent screening and healthy controls (888 African Americans, 620 European Americans, 111 Hispanic Americans, and 38 others) from Chicago, IL and Washington, D.C. were included in this study. Calcium and vitamin D intake were evaluated using food frequency questionnaire. We performed unconditional logistic regression analyses adjusting for relevant variables. Results: In the pooled data set, high calcium intake was significantly associated with higher odds for aggressive prostate cancer (ORQuartile (1 vs. Quartile) (4) = 1.98, 95% C.I.: 1.01-3.91), while high vitamin D intake was associated with lower odds of aggressive prostate cancer (ORQuartile 1 vs. Quartile (4) = 0.38, 95% C.I.: 0.18-0.79). In African Americans, the association between high calcium intake and aggressive prostate cancer was statistically significant (ORQuartile 1 vs. Quartile 4 = 4.28, 95% C.I.: 1.70-10.80). We also observed a strong inverse association between total vitamin D intake and prostate cancer in African Americans (ORQuartile 1 vs. Quartile 4 = 0.06, 95% C.I.: 0.02-0.54). In European Americas, we did not observe any significant associations between either calcium or vitamin D intake and prostate cancer. In analyses stratifying participants based on Body Mass Index (BMI), we observed a strong positive association between calcium and aggressive prostate cancer and a strong inverse association between vitamin D intake and aggressive prostate cancer among men with low BMI (<27.8 kg/m(2)), but not among men with high BMI (>= 27.8 kg/m(2)). Interactions of race and BMI with vitamin D intake were significant (P-Interaction < 0.05). Conclusion: Calcium intake was positively associated with aggressive prostate cancer, while vitamin D intake exhibited an inverse relationship. However, these associations varied by race/ethnicity and BMI. The findings from this study may help develop better prostate cancer prevention and management strategies.Note
Open access journalISSN
1471-2407PubMed ID
28103838Version
Final published versionSponsors
National Institutes of Health [1R01MD007105-01]; US Department of Defense [W81XWH-10-1-0532]; Veterans Health Administration [1IK2CX000926-01]ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1186/s12885-017-3060-8
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.
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