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    Gait changes in a line of mice artificially selected for longer limbs

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    Author
    Sparrow, Leah M.
    Pellatt, Emily
    Yu, Sabrina S.
    Raichlen, David A.
    Pontzer, Herman
    Rolian, Campbell
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Sch Anthropol
    Issue Date
    2017-02-22
    Keywords
    Stance
    Stride length
    Gait
    Longshanks
    Limb length
    
    Metadata
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    Publisher
    PEERJ INC
    Citation
    Gait changes in a line of mice artificially selected for longer limbs 2017, 5:e3008 PeerJ
    Journal
    PeerJ
    Rights
    Copyright 2017 Sparrow et al. Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    In legged terrestrial locomotion, the duration of stance phase, i.e., when limbs are in contact with the substrate, is positively correlated with limb length, and negatively correlated with the metabolic cost of transport. These relationships are well documented at the interspecific level, across a broad range of body sizes and travel speeds. However, such relationships are harder to evaluate within species (i.e., where natural selection operates), largely for practical reasons, including low population variance in limb length, and the presence of confounding factors such as body mass, or training. Here, we compared spatiotemporal kinematics of gait in Longshanks, a long-legged mouse line created through artificial selection, and in random-bred, mass-matched Control mice raised under identical conditions. We used a gait treadmill to test the hypothesis that Longshanks have longer stance phases and stride lengths, and decreased stride frequencies in both fore- and hind limbs, compared with Controls. Our results indicate that gait differs significantly between the two groups. Specifically, and as hypothesized, stance duration and stride length are 8–10% greater in Longshanks, while stride frequency is 8% lower than in Controls. However, there was no difference in the touch-down timing and sequence of the paws between the two lines. Taken together, these data suggest that, for a given speed, Longshanks mice take significantly fewer, longer steps to cover the same distance or running time compared to Controls, with important implications for other measures of variation among individuals in whole-organism performance, such as the metabolic cost of transport.
    ISSN
    2167-8359
    PubMed ID
    28243533
    DOI
    10.7717/peerj.3008
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    Queen Elizabeth II Scholarship from the University of Calgary; Markin Undergraduate Summer Research Program; Heritage Youth Researcher Summer (HYRS) program from Alberta Innovates Health Solutions; Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Calgary
    Additional Links
    https://peerj.com/articles/3008
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.7717/peerj.3008
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