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    Cosmic-ray neutron transport at a forest field site: the sensitivity to various environmental conditions with focus on biomass and canopy interception

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    Author
    Andreasen, Mie
    Jensen, Karsten H.
    Desilets, Darin
    Zreda, Marek
    Bogena, Heye R.
    Looms, Majken C.
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources
    Issue Date
    2017-04-03
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    Citation
    Cosmic-ray neutron transport at a forest field site: the sensitivity to various environmental conditions with focus on biomass and canopy interception 2017, 21 (4):1875 Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
    Journal
    Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
    Rights
    © Author(s) 2017. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Cosmic-ray neutron intensity is inversely correlated to all hydrogen present in the upper decimeters of the subsurface and the first few hectometers of the atmosphere above the ground surface. This correlation forms the base of the cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture estimation method. The method is, however, complicated by the fact that several hydrogen pools other than soil moisture affect the neutron intensity. In order to improve the cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture estimation method and explore the potential for additional applications, knowledge about the environmental effect on cosmic-ray neutron intensity is essential (e.g., the effect of vegetation, litter layer and soil type). In this study the environmental effect is examined by performing a sensitivity analysis using neutron transport modeling. We use a neutron transport model with various representations of the forest and different parameters describing the subsurface to match measured height profiles and time series of thermal and epithermal neutron intensities at a field site in Denmark. Overall, modeled thermal and epithermal neutron intensities are in satisfactory agreement with measurements; however, the choice of forest canopy conceptualization is found to be significant. Modeling results show that the effect of canopy interception, soil chemistry and dry bulk density of litter and mineral soil on neutron intensity is small. On the other hand, the neutron intensity decreases significantly with added litter-layer thickness, especially for epithermal neutron energies. Forest biomass also has a significant influence on the neutron intensity height profiles at the examined field site, altering both the shape of the profiles and the ground-level thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratio. This ratio increases with increasing amounts of biomass, and was confirmed by measurements from three sites representing agricultural, heathland and forest land cover. A much smaller effect of canopy interception on the ground-level thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratio was modeled. Overall, the results suggest a potential to use ground-level thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratios to discriminate the effect of different hydrogen contributions on the neutron signal.
    Note
    Open Access Journal.
    ISSN
    1607-7938
    DOI
    10.5194/hess-21-1875-2017
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    Villum Foundation; European Union's FP7 programme [213007]
    Additional Links
    http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/21/1875/2017/
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.5194/hess-21-1875-2017
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