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    Effects of environment forcing on marine boundary layer cloud-drizzle processes

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    Name:
    Wu_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geoph ...
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    Description:
    FInal Published Version
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    Author
    Wu, Peng
    Dong, Xiquan cc
    Xi, Baike cc
    Liu, Yangang cc
    Thieman, Mandana
    Minnis, Patrick cc
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci
    Issue Date
    2017-04-27
    Keywords
    drizzle formation
    vertical wind shear
    boundary layer static instability
    
    Metadata
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    Publisher
    AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
    Citation
    Effects of environment forcing on marine boundary layer cloud-drizzle processes 2017, 122 (8):4463 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
    Journal
    Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
    Rights
    © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Determining the factors affecting drizzle formation in marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds remains a challenge for both observation and modeling communities. To investigate the roles of vertical wind shear and buoyancy (static instability) in drizzle formation, ground-based observations from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program at the Azores are analyzed for two types of conditions. The type I clouds should last for at least 5h and more than 90% time must be nondrizzling and then followed by at least 2h of drizzling periods, while the type II clouds are characterized by mesoscale convection cellular structures with drizzle occur every 2 to 4h. By analyzing the boundary layer wind profiles (direction and speed), it was found that either directional or speed shear is required to promote drizzle production in the type I clouds. Observations and a recent model study both suggest that vertical wind shear helps the production of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), stimulates turbulence within cloud layer, and enhances drizzle formation near the cloud top. The type II clouds do not require strong wind shear to produce drizzle. The small values of lower tropospheric stability (LTS) and negative Richardson number (R-i) in the type II cases suggest that boundary layer instability plays an important role in TKE production and cloud-drizzle processes. By analyzing the relationships between LTS and wind shear for all cases and all time periods, a stronger connection was found between LTS and wind directional shear than that between LTS and wind speed shear.
    Note
    6 month embargo; First published: 20 April 2017
    ISSN
    2169897X
    DOI
    10.1002/2016JD026326
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Research, Office of Health and Environmental Research, Environmental Sciences Division; ASR [DE-SC0000991]; DOE CESM project under University of Maryland at Baltimore County [DE-SC0014641]; NASA CERES project [NNX17AC52G]; DOE ASR program
    Additional Links
    http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2016JD026326
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/2016JD026326
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    UA Faculty Publications

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