• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • UA Faculty Research
    • UA Faculty Publications
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • UA Faculty Research
    • UA Faculty Publications
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of UA Campus RepositoryCommunitiesTitleAuthorsIssue DateSubmit DateSubjectsPublisherJournalThis CollectionTitleAuthorsIssue DateSubmit DateSubjectsPublisherJournal

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    About

    AboutUA Faculty PublicationsUA DissertationsUA Master's ThesesUA Honors ThesesUA PressUA YearbooksUA CatalogsUA Libraries

    Statistics

    Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

    Nocturnal leg cramps: Prevalence and associations with demographics, sleep disturbance symptoms, medical conditions, and cardiometabolic risk factors

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    journal.pone.0178465.pdf
    Size:
    2.579Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Description:
    FInal Published Version
    Download
    Author
    Grandner, Michael A.
    Winkelman, John W.
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Psychiat
    Issue Date
    2017-06-06
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
    Citation
    Nocturnal leg cramps: Prevalence and associations with demographics, sleep disturbance symptoms, medical conditions, and cardiometabolic risk factors 2017, 12 (6):e0178465 PLOS ONE
    Journal
    PLOS ONE
    Rights
    © 2017 Grandner, Winkelman. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Background Nocturnal leg cramps (NLC) are common and poorly understood. Objective To determine the prevalence of NLC and associations with cardiometabolic, sleep, and behavioral risk factors in the US population. Design Cross-sectional epidemiology. Participants National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 waves. Main outcome(s) and measure(s) NLC were assessed with, "In the past month, how often did you have leg cramps while trying to sleep?" Responses were categorized as None, Mild, or Moderate-Severe. Demographics, medical history, sleep disturbances, and cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated using the 2005-2006 dataset. Variables that demonstrated significant relationships to NLC after adjusting for age, sex, education, and BMI were assessed in the 2007-2008 dataset. Variables that were still significant were entered into a forward stepwise regression model combining both waves, to determine which variables best explained the variance in NLC. Results Prevalence was 24-25% reporting mild and 6% reporting moderate-severe NLC. NLC increased with age, lower education, unemployment, shorter sleep duration, all assessed sleep symptoms (nocturnal "leg jerks", snoring, snorting/gasping, difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, non-restorative sleep, sleepiness, use of sleep medications), higher BMI, smoking, medical history (hypertension, heart failure, angina, stroke, arthritis, respiratory disease, and cancer), depression symptoms, and biomarkers (CRP, HbA1c, calcium, cadmium, red blood cells). Stepwise analysis showed that moderate-severe nocturnal leg cramps were associated with (in decreasing order of partial R-2): leg jerks, poor overall health, arthritis, difficulty falling asleep, age, nonrestorative sleep, red blood cell count, lower education, angina, and difficulty maintaining sleep. Conclusions and relevance Based on this first large, representative study, NLC occurring >5x per month are reported by 6% of the adult US population. Sleep disturbance symptoms and health conditions are associated with higher frequency of NLC, suggesting that NLC is a marker, and possibly contributor, to poor sleep and general health.
    Note
    Open access journal.
    ISSN
    1932-6203
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pone.0178465
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [K23HL110216]; Luitpold Pharmaceuticals; Xenoport; UCB Pharma; NeuroMetrix; NIMH
    Additional Links
    http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178465
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pone.0178465
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UA Faculty Publications

    entitlement

     
    The University of Arizona Libraries | 1510 E. University Blvd. | Tucson, AZ 85721-0055
    Tel 520-621-6442 | repository@u.library.arizona.edu
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2017  DuraSpace
    Quick Guide | Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.