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    Evidence That the Directly Imaged Planet HD 131399 Ab Is a Background Star

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    Nielsen_2017_AJ_154_218.pdf
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    Final Published Version
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    Author
    Nielsen, Eric L. cc
    De Rosa, Robert J. cc
    Rameau, Julien cc
    Wang, Jason J. cc
    Esposito, Thomas M. cc
    Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A. cc
    Marois, Christian cc
    Vigan, Arthur
    Ammons, S. Mark cc
    Artigau, Etienne cc
    Bailey, Vanessa P.
    Blunt, Sarah cc
    Bulger, Joanna cc
    Chilcote, Jeffrey cc
    Cotten, Tara cc
    Doyon, René
    Duchêne, Gaspard cc
    Fabrycky, Daniel
    Fitzgerald, Michael P. cc
    Follette, Katherine B. cc
    Gerard, Benjamin L. cc
    Goodsell, Stephen J. cc
    Graham, James R.
    Greenbaum, Alexandra Z. cc
    Hibon, Pascale cc
    Hinkley, Sasha cc
    Hung, Li-Wei cc
    Ingraham, Patrick cc
    Jensen-Clem, Rebecca cc
    Kalas, Paul
    Konopacky, Quinn cc
    Larkin, James E. cc
    Macintosh, Bruce cc
    Maire, Jérôme
    Marchis, Franck cc
    Metchev, Stanimir A. cc
    Morzinski, Katie M. cc
    Murray-Clay, Ruth A.
    Oppenheimer, Rebecca cc
    Palmer, David cc
    Patience, Jennifer
    Perrin, Marshall cc
    Poyneer, Lisa
    Pueyo, Laurent
    Rafikov, Roman R. cc
    Rajan, Abhijith cc
    Rantakyrö, Fredrik T. cc
    Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste cc
    Savransky, Dmitry cc
    Schneider, Adam C. cc
    Sivaramakrishnan, Anand cc
    Song, Inseok cc
    Soummer, Remi cc
    Thomas, Sandrine cc
    Wallace, J. Kent cc
    Ward-Duong, Kimberly cc
    Wiktorowicz, Sloane cc
    Wolff, Schuyler cc
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    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Steward Observ
    Issue Date
    2017-11-07
    Keywords
    astrometry
    instrumentation: adaptive optics
    planets and satellites: detection
    stars: individual (HD 131399)
    techniques: image processing
    techniques: spectroscopic
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    IOP PUBLISHING LTD
    Citation
    Evidence That the Directly Imaged Planet HD 131399 Ab Is a Background Star 2017, 154 (6):218 The Astronomical Journal
    Journal
    The Astronomical Journal
    Rights
    © 2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    We present evidence that the recently discovered, directly imaged planet HD 131399 Ab is a background star with nonzero proper motion. From new JHK1L' photometry and spectroscopy obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager, VLT/SPHERE, and Keck/NIRC2, and a reanalysis of the discovery data obtained with VLT/SPHERE, we derive colors, spectra, and astrometry for HD 131399 Ab. The broader wavelength coverage and higher data quality allow us to reinvestigate its status. Its near-infrared spectral energy distribution excludes spectral types later than L0 and is consistent with a K or M dwarf, which are the most likely candidates for a background object in this direction at the apparent magnitude observed. If it were a physically associated object, the projected velocity of HD 131399 Ab would exceed escape velocity given the mass and distance to HD 131399 A. We show that HD 131399 Ab is also not following the expected track for a stationary background star at infinite distance. Solving for the proper motion and parallax required to explain the relative motion of HD 131399 Ab, we find a proper motion of 12.3 mas yr(-1). When compared to predicted background objects drawn from a galactic model, we find this proper motion to be high but consistent with the top 4% fastest-moving background stars. From our analysis, we conclude that HD 131399 Ab is a background K or M dwarf.
    ISSN
    1538-3881
    DOI
    10.3847/1538-3881/aa8a69
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    W.M. Keck Foundation; European Organization for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO program [098.C-0864(A)]; European Commission Sixth and Seventh Framework Programmes as part of the Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy (OPTICON) [RII3-Ct-2004-001566, 226604, 312430]; Fonds de Recherche du Quebec; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant - Space Telescope Science Institute [51378.01-A, NAS5-26555]; NSF [AST-1411868, AST-141378, AST-1518332]; NASA [NNX14AJ80G, NNX15AC89G, NNX15AD95G, NNX16AD44G]; NRAO Student Observing Support Award [SOSPA3-007]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA Science Mission Directorate; ESO
    Additional Links
    http://stacks.iop.org/1538-3881/154/i=6/a=218?key=crossref.45c8b30d058fb8c40a6004a1e395142b
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3847/1538-3881/aa8a69
    Scopus Count
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