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    Formation of freely floating sub-stellar objects via close encounters

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    Author
    Vorobyov, Eduard I.
    Steinrueck, Maria E.
    Elbakyan, Vardan
    Guedel, Manuel
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab
    Issue Date
    2017-12-13
    Keywords
    protoplanetary disks
    stars: formation
    stars: protostars
    brown dwarfs
    hydrodynamics
    
    Metadata
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    Publisher
    EDP SCIENCES S A
    Citation
    Formation of freely floating sub-stellar objects via close encounters 2017, 608:A107 Astronomy & Astrophysics
    Journal
    Astronomy & Astrophysics
    Rights
    © ESO, 2017.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Aims. We numerically studied close encounters between a young stellar system hosting a massive, gravitationally fragmenting disk and an intruder diskless star with the aim of determining the evolution of fragments that have formed in the disk prior to the encounter. Methods. Numerical hydrodynamics simulations in the non-inertial frame of reference of the host star were employed to simulate the prograde and retrograde co-planar encounters. The initial configuration of the target system (star plus disk) was obtained via a separate numerical simulation featuring the gravitational collapse of a solar-mass pre-stellar core. Results. We found that close encounters can lead to the ejection of fragments that have formed in the disk of the target prior to collision. In particular, prograde encounters are more efficient in ejecting the fragments than the retrograde encounters. The masses of ejected fragments are in the brown-dwarf mass regime. They also carry away an appreciable amount of gas in their gravitational radius of influence, implying that these objects may possess extended disks or envelopes, as also previously suggested. Close encounters can also lead to the ejection of entire spiral arms, followed by fragmentation and formation of freely-floating objects straddling the planetary mass limit. However, numerical simulations with a higher resolution are needed to confirm this finding.
    Note
    Open access journal.
    ISSN
    0004-6361
    1432-0746
    DOI
    10.1051/0004-6361/201731565
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    Russian Science Foundation [17-12-01168]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
    Additional Links
    http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731565
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1051/0004-6361/201731565
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