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    Force, torque, linear momentum, and angular momentum in classical electrodynamics

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    Name:
    Mansuripur_Electromagnetic_For ...
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    Description:
    Final Accepted Manuscript
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    Author
    Mansuripur, Masud cc
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci
    Issue Date
    2017-10
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    SPRINGER
    Citation
    Mansuripur, M. Appl. Phys. A (2017) 123: 653. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-017-1253-2
    Journal
    APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
    Rights
    © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic (EM) field, force, energy, and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and by the Lorentz force law. Whereas Maxwell's equations relate the fields to their material sources, Poynting's theorem governs the flow of EM energy and its exchange between fields and material media, while the Lorentz law regulates the back-and-forth transfer of momentum between the media and the fields. An alternative force law, first proposed by Einstein and Laub, exists that is consistent with Maxwell's equations and complies with the conservation laws as well as with the requirements of special relativity. While the Lorentz law requires the introduction of hidden energy and hidden momentum in situations where an electric field acts on a magnetized medium, the Einstein-Laub (E-L) formulation of EM force and torque does not invoke hidden entities under such circumstances. Moreover, total force/torque exerted by EM fields on any given object turns out to be independent of whether the density of force/torque is evaluated using the law of Lorentz or that of Einstein and Laub. Hidden entities aside, the two formulations differ only in their predicted force and torque distributions inside matter. Such differences in distribution are occasionally measurable, and could serve as a guide in deciding which formulation, if either, corresponds to physical reality.
    Note
    12 month embargo; published online: 19 September 2017
    ISSN
    0947-8396
    1432-0630
    DOI
    10.1007/s00339-017-1253-2
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    Additional Links
    http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00339-017-1253-2
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s00339-017-1253-2
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