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    Soil amendments alter plant biomass and soil microbial activity in a semi-desert grassland

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    Gebhardt_et_al2017Plant_Soil.pdf
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    Description:
    Final Accepted Manuscript
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    Author
    Gebhardt, Martha
    Fehmi, Jeffrey S. cc
    Rasmussen, Craig
    Gallery, Rachel E.
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm Environm & Nat Resou
    Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci
    Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol
    Issue Date
    2017-10
    Keywords
    Autoclave heat-shock
    Biochar
    Drylands
    Extracellular enzyme activity
    Plant-soil feedbacks
    Woodchips
    
    Metadata
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    Publisher
    SPRINGER
    Citation
    Gebhardt, M., Fehmi, J.S., Rasmussen, C. et al. Plant Soil (2017) 419: 53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3327-5
    Journal
    PLANT AND SOIL
    Rights
    © Springer International Publishing AG 2017
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    We tested the effects of soil biotic disturbance and biochar or woodchip amendments on plant growth, soil microbial biomass and activity, and soil physiochemical parameters in response to disturbance in a semi-desert grassland. In a 78-day growth chamber experiment using six grass species native to the Southwest U.S., we compared the effects of autoclave heatshock, which mimics soil stockpiling in hot drylands, and amendments on plant and microbial biomass, potential extracellular enzyme activity, and soil moisture and nutrient availability. Plant biomass was lowest in woodchip-amended soils, and highest in autoclaved and biochar-amended soils (p < 0.05). Root:shoot ratios were higher in the autoclaved and woodchip-amended soils (p < 0.05). Biochar addition improved soil water-holding capacity resulting in higher dissolved organic carbon (p < 0.001) and nitrogen (p < 0.001). Soil microbial activity and plant biomass were not correlated. Amendment-induced changes in activity could be partially explained by nutrient availability. Neither microbial biomass nor activity recovered to pre-disturbance values. In this study, biochar and woodchip amendment and autoclave-induced changes to moisture and nutrient availability influenced plant biomass allocation and soil microbial activity. Amendments increased carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus mineralizing enzyme activities with no significant change in microbial biomass, indicating that soil recovery in drylands is a long-term process. Understanding plant-soil feedbacks in drylands is critically important to mitigating climate and anthropogenic-driven changes and retaining or reestablishing native plant communities.
    Note
    12 month embargo; published online: 05 July 2017
    ISSN
    0032-079X
    1573-5036
    DOI
    10.1007/s11104-017-3327-5
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    Sponsors
    Rosemont Copper Company; University of Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [NIFA ARZT-1360540-H12-199]
    Additional Links
    http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11104-017-3327-5
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s11104-017-3327-5
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