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    Uncovering the Role of Protein Kinase A in Dictyostelium Chemotaxis toward Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

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    Author
    Scavello, Margarethakay
    Issue Date
    2018
    Keywords
    chemotactic signaling
    Chemotaxis
    directional sensing
    migration
    negative feedback
    PKA
    Advisor
    Charest, Pascale G.
    
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    Publisher
    The University of Arizona.
    Rights
    Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction, presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
    Embargo
    Release after 06/27/2020
    Abstract
    Chemotaxis, or directed cell migration, is important in many biological processes such as embryonic development, wound healing, and the direction of immune cells to sites of inflammation or infection. When not regulated properly, chemotaxis is implicated in disease states including inflammatory diseases and cancer metastasis. During eukaryotic chemotaxis, cells are able to sense a chemical gradient through receptors on the cell membrane that trigger complicated intracellular signaling networks, ultimately resulting in changes in the actin cytoskeleton leading to cell migration. The proteins involved in these signaling networks require tight spatiotemporal regulation, and the mechanisms underlying this regulation are not well understood. The work of this dissertation aims to better elucidate the pathways that regulate chemotaxis and enable cells to respond and adapt to changes in the chemoattractant gradient. To this end, we utilized the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum, and focused on determining the role of protein kinase A (PKA) in regulating the chemotactic pathways. We found that, in cells lacking PKA activity, key proteins upstream of PKA are deregulated, which suggests that PKA acts in one or more negative feedback loops to inactivate the chemotactic pathways. To narrow in on potential direct sites of PKA regulation, we studied the effects of lack of PKA activity on G-protein dissociation, and we also analyzed the chemotactic role of potential PKA phosphorylation sites of a Ras family protein. In addition to these studies, we also began an investigation into the similarities and potential cross-talk between PKA and a relatively novel chemotactic player, Myosin G. Overall, we have identified new roles for PKA in Dictyostelium chemotaxis, and have identified potential mechanisms in which PKA negatively regulates the chemotactic pathways, which would aid in the cells ability to efficiently respond to changes in its surrounding signal gradient.
    Type
    text
    Electronic Dissertation
    Degree Name
    Ph.D.
    Degree Level
    doctoral
    Degree Program
    Graduate College
    Biochemistry
    Degree Grantor
    University of Arizona
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