Real-time quantitative detection of Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus, an obligate bacterial pathogen of Chlorella sorokiniana
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Steichen, S.A. & Brown, J.K. J Appl Phycol (2019) 31: 1117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-018-1659-zJournal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGYRights
This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2018.Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus is an obligate, predatory bacterial pathogen of the genus Chlorella. It is recognized as an important pathogen of Chlorella sorokiniana, field isolate DOE 1412, a highly-favored microalga for cultivation in outdoor reactors in the arid USA Southwest for feedstocks used in biofuel production. To determine the V. chlorellavorus titer, based on gene copy number, required to cause infection and mortality of C. sorokiniana in an experimental outdoor reactor, a multiplexed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed for pathogen detection, based on the 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA gene of V. chlorellavorus and C. sorokiniana, respectively. The assay was further used to establish the optimal effective concentration of benzalkonium chloride required to achieve a below "disease-threshold"-bacterial titer, while minimizing biocidal effects on algal growth and enable economic biomass production. Reactors treated with 2.0 ppm benzalkonium chloride at four-day intervals throughout the cultivation cycle experienced runs of 22 days or longer, compared to 12 days for the untreated control. The qPCR assay was used to estimate disease severity over time using the Area Under the Disease Progress Stairs (AUDPS) metric, indicating a severity rating of 0.016 and 62.308 in biocide-treated and untreated cultures, respectively. The near-real time assay detected as few as 13 copies of V. chlorellavorus, allowing for the recognition of its presence in the reactor just before algal cell density decreased, an indication of pathogen attack, while also informing the timing of biocide applications to minimize DOE 1412 infection such that harvestable biomass could be produced.Note
Public domain articleISSN
0921-89711573-5176
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Final published versionSponsors
Department of Energy [DE-EE0006269]Additional Links
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10811-018-1659-zae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1007/s10811-018-1659-z
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2018.