Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Fatal Motor Vehicle Collisions in Arizona

Abstract

In 2014, Arizona had 109,554 motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), 708 of which were fatal. The objective of this study was to analyze behavioral patterns in drivers which resulted in fatal MVCs. This was a retrospective chart review of MVCs in 13 Arizona counties from 2007 to 2015. Results showed a high incidence of high-risk behaviors due to substance use and lack of safe driving practices, including 26% of subjects with an ethanol content above the legal limit, 10% with THC in their system at the time of the collision, 9% with amphetamines or cocaine, 8.5% with benzodiazepines, and 5% with opiates. More than 50% had a combination of substances. Other notable characteristics were the lack of seatbelt use in 30% of subjects, and lack of motorcycle helmet use in 69% of motorcycle drivers. More data is needed on distracted driving behaviors, particularly related to cellular phone use, in order to optimally target future legislation and prevention.