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    Effect of Re-acidification on Buffalo Grass Rhizosphere and Bulk Microbial Communities During Phytostabilization of Metalliferous Mine Tailings

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    Author
    Honeker, Linnea K
    Gullo, Catherine F
    Neilson, Julia W
    Chorover, Jon
    Maier, Raina M
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci
    Univ Arizona, Asthma & Airway Dis Res Ctr
    Issue Date
    2019-05-31
    Keywords
    Fe-reducing bacteria
    Fe/S-oxidizing bacteria
    mine-tailing acidification
    phytostabilization
    plant growth-promoting bacteria
    re-acidification
    rhizosphere microbiota
    
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    Publisher
    FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
    Citation
    Honeker, L. K., Gullo, C. F., Neilson, J. W., Chorover, J., & Maier, R. M. (2019). Effect of re-acidification on buffalo grass rhizosphere and bulk microbial communities during phytostabilization of metalliferous mine tailings. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 1209.
    Journal
    FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
    Rights
    Copyright © 2019 Honeker, Gullo, Neilson, Chorover and Maier. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Phytostabilized highly acidic, pyritic mine tailings are susceptible to re-acidification over time despite initial addition of neutralizing amendments. Studies examining plant-associated microbial dynamics during re-acidification of phytostabilized regions are sparse. To address this, we characterized the rhizosphere and bulk bacterial communities of buffalo grass used in the phytostabilization of metalliferous, pyritic mine tailings undergoing re-acidification at the Iron King Mine and Humboldt Smelter Superfund Site in Dewey-Humboldt, AZ. Plant-associated substrates representing a broad pH range (2.35-7.76) were sampled to (1) compare the microbial diversity and community composition of rhizosphere and bulk compartments across a pH gradient, and (2) characterize how re-acidification affects the abundance and activity of the most abundant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB; including N2-fixing) versus acid-generating bacteria (AGB; including Fe-cycling/S-oxidizing). Results indicated that a shift in microbial diversity and community composition occurred at around pH 4. At higher pH (>4) the species richness and community composition of the rhizosphere and bulk compartments were similar, and PGPB, such as Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Devosia, Phyllobacterium, Sinorhizobium, and Hyphomicrobium, were present and active in both compartments with minimal presence of AGB. In comparison, at lower pH (<4) the rhizosphere had a significantly higher number of species than the bulk (p < 0.05) and the compartments had significantly different community composition (unweighted UniFrac; PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Whereas some PGPB persisted in the rhizosphere at lower pH, including Arthrobacter and Devosia, they were absent from the bulk. Meanwhile, AGB dominated in both compartments; the most abundant were the Fe-oxidizer Leptospirillum and Fe-reducers Acidibacter and Acidiphilium, and the most active was the Fe-reducer Aciditerrimonas. This predominance of AGB at lower pH, and even their minimal presence at higher pH, contributes to acidifying conditions and poses a significant threat to sustainable plant establishment. These findings have implications for phytostabilization field site management and suggest re-application of compost or an alternate buffering material may be required in regions susceptible to re-acidification to maintain a beneficial bacterial community conducive to long-term plant establishment.
    Note
    Open access journal
    ISSN
    1664-302X
    PubMed ID
    31214146
    DOI
    10.3389/fmicb.2019.01209
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    National Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences (NIEHS) Superfund Research Program (SRP) [P42 ES004940]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowhip Program (NSF GRFP) [DGE-1143953]
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3389/fmicb.2019.01209
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