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    The Climatic Water Balance and Topography Control Spatial Patterns of Atmospheric Demand, Soil Moisture, and Shallow Subsurface Flow

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    Hoylman_et_al-2019-Water_Resou ...
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    Author
    Hoylman, Zachary H.
    Jencso, Kelsey G.
    Hu, Jia
    Holden, Zachary A.
    Martin, Justin T.
    Gardner, W. Payton
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm
    Issue Date
    2019-03-25
    Keywords
    topography
    hydrometeorology
    climatic water balance
    soil moisture
    hydrologic connectivity
    shallow subsurface flow
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
    Citation
    Hoylman, Z. H., Jencso, K. G., Hu, J., Holden, Z. A., Martin, J. T., & Gardner, W. P. ( 2019). The climatic water balance and topography control spatial patterns of atmospheric demand, soil moisture, and shallow subsurface flow. Water Resources Research, 55, 2370– 2389. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023302
    Journal
    WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
    Rights
    © 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Catchment hydrometeorology and the organization of shallow subsurface flow are key drivers of active contributing areas and streamflow generation. However, understanding how the climatic water balance and complex topography contribute to these processes from hillslope to catchment scales remains difficult. We compared time series of vapor pressure deficits and soil moisture to the climatic water balance and topographic variables across six zero-order catchments in the Lubrecht Experimental Forest (Montana, USA). We then evaluated how local hydrometeorology (volumetric water content and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit) affected the spatial occurrence of shallow subsurface flow. Generalized linear mixed model analysis revealed significant, temporally stable (monthly and seasonal average) patterns of hydrometeorology that can be predicted by the topographic wetness index and the dynamic climatic water deficit (CWD = potential evapotranspiration - actual evapotranspiration). Intracatchment patterns were significantly correlated to the topographic wetness index, while intercatchment patterns were correlated to spatiotemporal variance in the CWD during each time period. Spatial patterns of shallow subsurface flow were related to the hydrometeorological conditions of the site. We observed persistent shallow subsurface flow in convergent hillslope positions, except when a catchment was positioned in locations with high CWDs (low elevations and southerly aspects). Alternatively, we observed persistent subsurface flow across all hillslope positions (even 70-m upslope from the hollow) when catchments were positioned in locations with especially low CWDs (northerly aspects and high elevations). These results highlight the importance of considering the superposition of the catchment-scale climatic water balance and hillslope-scale topography when characterizing hydrometeorology and shallow subsurface flow dynamics.
    Note
    6 month embargo; published online: 19 February 2019
    ISSN
    0043-1397
    DOI
    10.1029/2018wr023302
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    USDA NIFA McIntire Stennis award [233327]; NSF grants [DEB-1457749, DEB-1457720]; NASA applied science program Wildland Fire award [NNH11ZDA001N-FIRES]; NSF EPSCoR through the Montana Institute on Ecosystems
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1029/2018wr023302
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