Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World
Author
Harris, Daniel NRuczinski, Ingo
Yanek, Lisa R
Becker, Lewis C
Becker, Diane M
Guio, Heinner
Cui, Tao
Chilton, Floyd H
Mathias, Rasika A
O'Connor, Timothy D
Affiliation
Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr SciIssue Date
2019-04-03
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OXFORD UNIV PRESSCitation
N Harris, Daniel & Ruczinski, Ingo & Yanek, Lisa & C Becker, Lewis & Becker, Diane & Guio, Heinner & Cui, Tao & Chilton, Floyd & A Mathias, Rasika & D O'Connor, Timothy. (2019). Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World. Genome biology and evolution. 11. 10.1093/gbe/evz071.Journal
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONRights
Copyright © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
The metabolic conversion of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 18 carbon (18C) to long chain (>20 carbon) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) is vital for human life. The rate-limiting steps of this process are catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 and 2. Therefore, understanding the evolutionary history of the FADS genes is essential to our understanding of hominin evolution. The FADS genes have two haplogroups, ancestral and derived, with the derived haplogroup being associated with more efficient LC-PUFA biosynthesis than the ancestral haplogroup. In addition, there is a complex global distribution of these haplogroups that is suggestive of Neanderthal introgression. We confirm that Native American ancestry is nearly fixed for the ancestral haplogroup, and replicate a positive selection signal in Native Americans. This positive selection potentially continued after the founding of the Americas, although simulations suggest that the timing is dependent on the allele frequency of the ancestral Beringian population. We also find that the Neanderthal FADS haplotype is more closely related to the derived haplogroup and the Denisovan clusters closer to the ancestral haplogroup. Furthermore, the derived haplogroup has a time to the most recent common ancestor of 688,474years before present. These results support an ancient polymorphism, as opposed to Neanderthal introgression, forming in the FADS region during the Pleistocene with possibly differential selection pressures on both haplogroups. The near fixation of the ancestral haplogroup in Native American ancestry calls for future studies to explore the potential health risk of associated low LC-PUFA levels in these populations.Note
Open access journalISSN
1759-6653PubMed ID
30942856Version
Final published versionSponsors
Center for Health Related Informatics and Biomaging at the University of Maryland School of Medicine; National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01 HL72518, HL087698, HL112064]; National Institutes of Health [R01-AT008621]ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1093/gbe/evz071
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