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    Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World

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    Author
    Harris, Daniel N
    Ruczinski, Ingo
    Yanek, Lisa R
    Becker, Lewis C
    Becker, Diane M
    Guio, Heinner
    Cui, Tao
    Chilton, Floyd H
    Mathias, Rasika A
    O'Connor, Timothy D
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr Sci
    Issue Date
    2019-04-03
    Keywords
    ancient DNA
    evolution
    polyunsaturated fatty acids
    population genetics
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    OXFORD UNIV PRESS
    Citation
    N Harris, Daniel & Ruczinski, Ingo & Yanek, Lisa & C Becker, Lewis & Becker, Diane & Guio, Heinner & Cui, Tao & Chilton, Floyd & A Mathias, Rasika & D O'Connor, Timothy. (2019). Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World. Genome biology and evolution. 11. 10.1093/gbe/evz071.
    Journal
    GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
    Rights
    Copyright © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    The metabolic conversion of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 18 carbon (18C) to long chain (>20 carbon) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) is vital for human life. The rate-limiting steps of this process are catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 and 2. Therefore, understanding the evolutionary history of the FADS genes is essential to our understanding of hominin evolution. The FADS genes have two haplogroups, ancestral and derived, with the derived haplogroup being associated with more efficient LC-PUFA biosynthesis than the ancestral haplogroup. In addition, there is a complex global distribution of these haplogroups that is suggestive of Neanderthal introgression. We confirm that Native American ancestry is nearly fixed for the ancestral haplogroup, and replicate a positive selection signal in Native Americans. This positive selection potentially continued after the founding of the Americas, although simulations suggest that the timing is dependent on the allele frequency of the ancestral Beringian population. We also find that the Neanderthal FADS haplotype is more closely related to the derived haplogroup and the Denisovan clusters closer to the ancestral haplogroup. Furthermore, the derived haplogroup has a time to the most recent common ancestor of 688,474years before present. These results support an ancient polymorphism, as opposed to Neanderthal introgression, forming in the FADS region during the Pleistocene with possibly differential selection pressures on both haplogroups. The near fixation of the ancestral haplogroup in Native American ancestry calls for future studies to explore the potential health risk of associated low LC-PUFA levels in these populations.
    Note
    Open access journal
    ISSN
    1759-6653
    PubMed ID
    30942856
    DOI
    10.1093/gbe/evz071
    Version
    Final published version
    Sponsors
    Center for Health Related Informatics and Biomaging at the University of Maryland School of Medicine; National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01 HL72518, HL087698, HL112064]; National Institutes of Health [R01-AT008621]
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/gbe/evz071
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