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    General and ICT Self-Efficacy in Different Participants Roles in Cyberbullying/Victimization Among Pakistani University Students

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    Author
    Musharraf, Sadia
    Bauman, Sheri
    Anis-Ul-Haque, Muhammad
    Malik, Jamil Ahmad
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Disabil & Psychoeduc Studies
    Issue Date
    2019-05-14
    Keywords
    ICT self-efficacy
    Pakistan
    cyber victimization
    cyberbullying
    general self-efficacy
    traditional bullying
    traditional victimization
    university students
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
    Citation
    Musharraf S, Bauman S, Anis-ul-Haque M and Malik JA (2019) General and ICT Self-Efficacy in Different Participants Roles in Cyberbullying/Victimization Among Pakistani University Students. Front. Psychol. 10:1098. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01098
    Journal
    FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
    Rights
    Copyright © 2019 Musharraf, Bauman, Anis-ul-Haque and Malik. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    The study examines both general and Internet and Communication Technology (ICT) self-efficacy in cyber-victims, cyber-bullies, and cyber bully victims in comparison to un-involved students. Gender differences were also examined. A total of 1115 Pakistani university students from six universities participated in the study. Analyses were conducted on 950 complete cases (371 males, and 579 females). Data were collected on cyberbullying/victimization, general self-efficacy (GSE), ICT self-efficacy, traditional bullying/victimization, ICT usage, social desirability, and demographics. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that ICT self-efficacy significantly decreased the probability of being a cyber-victim and significantly increased the chances of being a cyber-bully whereas GSE appeared to have no role in predicting participant roles in cyberbullying after controlling for covariates (i.e., age, gender, traditional bullying, traditional victimization, social desirability, Internet usage, time spent on the Internet, and social networking sites (SNS). Findings of the study have important implications for developing and enhancing interventions with respect to the inclusion of ICT related skills in anti-cyberbullying programs. With respect to gender, findings showed that females reported a higher level of victimization while males reported higher perpetration on both traditional and cyberbullying.
    Note
    Open access journal.
    ISSN
    1664-1078
    PubMed ID
    31139126
    DOI
    10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01098
    Version
    Final published version
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01098
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UA Faculty Publications

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