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dc.contributor.authorHsiehchen, David
dc.contributor.authorHsieh, Antony
dc.contributor.authorEspinoza, Magdalena
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-10T23:57:04Z
dc.date.available2019-09-10T23:57:04Z
dc.date.issued2019-05-31
dc.identifier.citationHsiehchen D, Hsieh A, Espinoza M. Prevalence of Female Authors in Case Reports Published in the Medical Literature. JAMA Netw Open. Published online May 31, 20192(5):e195000. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.5000en_US
dc.identifier.issn2574-3805
dc.identifier.pmid31150085
dc.identifier.doi10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.5000
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10150/634145
dc.description.abstractIMPORTANCE Under representation of female authors in research publications is prevalent, but it is unclear whether this is attributable to sex disparities in research conduct or authorship practices. Case reports are a poorly understood component of the biomedical corpus, and the production of anecdotal observations is not confounded by factors associated with disparities in female representation in research publications. Whether female authorship disparities exist in nonresearch publications of clinical information is unknown. OBJECTIVES To examine the authorship of case reports and elucidate factors associated with sex disparity. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study of all case reports published by US authors in 2014 and 2015 indexed in PubMed performed from July 2015 to July 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome measure was the proportion of female first authors. The secondary outcome measures were the proportion of female last authors and female authorship representation among different clinical specialties. RESULTS Bibliometric data was abstracted from 20 427 case reports published across 2538 journals. A total of 7252 (36%) and 4825 (25%) case reports had a female first and last author, respectively. In comparison, 44% and 34% of US trainees and physicians, respectively, were female in 2015. Among adult case reports, female authorship was more prevalent in academic environments compared with community settings (34.0% vs 28.2% for female first authors and 23.4% vs 19.7% for female last authors). Across states, the proportions of female first authors and last authors were universally less than the proportions of female trainees and active female physicians, respectively. Female first authorship was associated with larger author teams (odds ratio [OR], 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03), an academic affiliation (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06-1.27), and a female last author (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.47-1.70). Relative to general internal medicine, specialties dominated by male clinicians were less frequently associated with female first authors. Several exceptions displaying a relatively equivalent tendency for male and female first authorship included oncology (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.81-1.16), ophthalmology (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.72-1.05), and radiation oncology (OR, 0.94 95% CI, 0.56-1.56). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The underrepresentation of women among first and last authors in publications of case reports underscores the pervasiveness of sex disparities in medicine. Collaboration and female mentors may be critical instruments in upsetting longstanding practices associated with sex bias. Not all clinical specialties were associated with lower-than-expected female authorship, and further exploration of specialty-specific norms in publication and mentorship may elucidate specific barriers to female authorship.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAMER MEDICAL ASSOCen_US
dc.rightsCopyright © 2019 Hsiehchen D et al. JAMA Network Open. Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.titlePrevalence of Female Authors in Case Reports Published in the Medical Literatureen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.contributor.departmentUniv Arizona, Banner Univ Med Ctren_US
dc.identifier.journalJAMA NETWORK OPENen_US
dc.description.noteOpen access journalen_US
dc.description.collectioninformationThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.en_US
dc.eprint.versionFinal published versionen_US
dc.source.journaltitleJAMA network open
refterms.dateFOA2019-09-10T23:57:04Z


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Copyright © 2019 Hsiehchen D et al. JAMA Network Open. Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © 2019 Hsiehchen D et al. JAMA Network Open. Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.