The Good, The Bad, and The Non-Circular Signals

Abstract

Second-order (SO) non-circularity is a statistical property that is used to classify signals. Signals with SO non-circularity are extensively used in communication and radar systems. The SO non-circularity property is generally useful in the application of array processing techniques for extending antenna apertures. Exploiting this non-circularity property for a multi-faceted set of communication-type and radar-type signals is the objective of this study. For a given type of signal, the circularity quotient and its properties are tested and evaluated in terms of parameters such as the modulus of its phase, complex covariance, pseudo-variance, the angle orientation of the ellipse, its eccentricity, and other relevant properties are calculated. A geometrical interpretation for the circularity quotient and the correlation coeficient is used to derive the bounds for circularity.