A Recent Systematic Increase in Vapor Pressure Deficit over Tropical South America
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Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher SciIssue Date
2019-10-25
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Barkhordarian, A., Saatchi, S.S., Behrangi, A. et al. A Recent Systematic Increase in Vapor Pressure Deficit over Tropical South America. Sci Rep 9, 15331 (2019) doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51857-8Journal
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Copyright © The Author(s) 2019. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
We show a recent increasing trend in Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) over tropical South America in dry months with values well beyond the range of trends due to natural variability of the climate system defined in both the undisturbed Preindustrial climate and the climate over 850-1850 perturbed with natural external forcing. This trend is systematic in the southeast Amazon but driven by episodic droughts (2005, 2010, 2015) in the northwest, with the highest recoded VPD since 1979 for the 2015 drought. The univariant detection analysis shows that the observed increase in VPD cannot be explained by greenhouse-gas-induced (GHG) radiative warming alone. The bivariate attribution analysis demonstrates that forcing by elevated GHG levels and biomass burning aerosols are attributed as key causes for the observed VPD increase. We further show that There is a negative trend in evaporative fraction in the southeast Amazon, where lack of atmospheric moisture, reduced precipitation together with higher incoming solar radiation (~7% decade-1 cloud-cover reduction) influences the partitioning of surface energy fluxes towards less evapotranspiration. The VPD increase combined with the decrease in evaporative fraction are the first indications of positive climate feedback mechanisms, which we show that will continue and intensify in the course of unfolding anthropogenic climate change.Note
Open access journalISSN
2045-2322PubMed ID
31653952Version
Final published versionSponsors
U.S. National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1547899]; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a terrestrial ecology and carbon cycle program grant [WBS: 596741.02.01.01.67]ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1038/s41598-019-51857-8
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © The Author(s) 2019. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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