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    Hydrothermal sensitivities of seed populations underlie fluctuations of dormancy states in an annual plant community

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    Liu_et_al-2020-Ecology.pdf
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    Author
    Liu, Shuangshuang
    Bradford, Kent J
    Huang, Zhenying
    Venable, D Lawrence
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol
    Issue Date
    2019-12-15
    Keywords
    after-ripening
    dormancy
    germination niche
    germination phenology
    hydrothermal time model
    plant functional trait
    
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    Publisher
    WILEY
    Citation
    Liu, S., Bradford, K. J., Huang, Z., & Venable, D. L. (2020). Hydrothermal sensitivities of seed populations underlie fluctuations of dormancy states in an annual plant community. Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2958 ‌
    Journal
    ECOLOGY
    Rights
    Copyright © 2019 by the Ecological Society of America.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Plant germination ecology involves continuous interactions between changing environmental conditions and the sensitivity of seed populations to respond to those conditions at a given time. Ecologically meaningful parameters characterizing germination capacity (or dormancy) are needed to advance our understanding of the evolution of germination strategies within plant communities. The germination traits commonly examined (e.g., maximum germination percentage under optimal conditions) may not adequately reflect the critical ecological differences in germination behavior across species, communities, and seasons. In particular, most seeds exhibit primary dormancy at dispersal that is alleviated by exposure to dry after-ripening or to hydrated chilling to enable germination in a subsequent favorable season. Population-based threshold (PBT) models of seed germination enable quantification of patterns of germination timing using parameters based on mechanistic assumptions about the underlying germination physiology. We applied the hydrothermal time (HTT) model, a type of PBT model that integrates environmental temperature and water availability, to study germination physiology in a guild of coexisting desert annual species whose seeds were after-ripened by dry storage under different conditions. We show that HTT assumptions are valid for describing germination physiology in these species, including loss of dormancy during after-ripening. Key HTT parameters, the hydrothermal time constant (θHT ) and base water potential distribution among seeds (Ψb (g)), were effective in describing changes in dormancy states and in clustering species exhibiting similar germination syndromes. θHT is an inherent species-specific trait relating to timing of germination that correlates well with long-term field germination fraction, while Ψb (g) shifts with depth of dormancy in response to after-ripening and seasonal environmental variation. Predictions based on variation among coexisting species in θHT and Ψb (g) in laboratory germination tests matched well with 25-yr observations of germination dates and fractions for the same species in natural field conditions. Seed dormancy and germination strategies, which are significant contributors to long-term species demographics under natural conditions, can be represented by readily measurable functional traits underlying variation in germination phenologies.
    ISSN
    0012-9658
    PubMed ID
    31840254
    DOI
    10.1002/ecy.2958
    Version
    Final published version
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/ecy.2958
    Scopus Count
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    UA Faculty Publications

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