Mechanisms and Drivers for the Establishment of Life Cycle Complexity in Myxozoan Parasites
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Author
Lisnerová, MartinaFiala, Ivan
Cantatore, Delfina
Irigoitia, Manuel
Timi, Juan
Pecková, Hana
Bartošová-Sojková, Pavla
Sandoval, Christian M
Luer, Carl
Morris, Jack
Holzer, Astrid S
Affiliation
Univ Arizona, Undergrad Biol Res Program UBRCIssue Date
2020-01-01Keywords
Chondrichthyescnidaria
co-diversification
co-phylogeny
feed-integration
migration
myxozoa
phylogeography
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Lisnerová, M.; Fiala, I.; Cantatore, D.; Irigoitia, M.; Timi, J.; Pecková, H.; Bartošová-Sojková, P.; Sandoval, C.M.; Luer, C.; Morris, J.; Holzer, A.S. Mechanisms and Drivers for the Establishment of Life Cycle Complexity in Myxozoan Parasites. Biology 2020, 9, 10.Journal
BIOLOGY-BASELRights
Copyright © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
It is assumed that complex life cycles in cnidarian parasites belonging to the Myxozoa result from incorporation of vertebrates into simple life cycles exploiting aquatic invertebrates. However, nothing is known about the driving forces and implementation of this event, though it fostered massive diversification. We performed a comprehensive search for myxozoans in evolutionary ancient fishes (Chondrichthyes), and more than doubled existing 18S rDNA sequence data, discovering seven independent phylogenetic lineages. We performed cophylogenetic and character mapping methods in the largest monophyletic dataset and demonstrate that host and parasite phylogenies are strongly correlated, and that tectonic changes may explain phylogeographic clustering in recent skates and softnose skates, in the Atlantic. The most basal lineages of myxozoans inhabit the bile of chondrichthyans, an immunologically privileged site and protective niche, easily accessible from the gut via the bile duct. We hypothesize that feed-integration is a likely mechanism of host acquisition, an idea supported by feeding habits of chimaeras and ancient sharks and by multiple entries of different parasite lineages from invertebrates into the new host group. We provide exciting first insights into the early evolutionary history of ancient metazoan parasites in a host group that embodies more evolutionary distinctiveness than most other vertebrates.Note
Open access journalISSN
2079-7737PubMed ID
31906274Version
Final published versionae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3390/biology9010010
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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