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    The forgotten land use class: Mapping of fallow fields across the Sahel using Sentinel-2

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    Fallow_2019_RSE_clean.pdf
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    Description:
    Final Accepted Manuscript
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    Author
    Tong, Xiaoye
    Brandt, Martin
    Hiernaux, Pierre
    Herrmann, Stefanie
    Rasmussen, Laura Vang
    Rasmussen, Kjeld
    Tian, Feng
    Tagesson, Torbern
    Zhang, Wenmin
    Fensholt, Rasmus
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona
    Issue Date
    2020-03-15
    Keywords
    Fallow fields
    Cropland
    Satellite image time series
    Land use/cover mapping
    Sentinel-2
    Drylands
    Sahel
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
    Citation
    Tong, X., Brandt, M., Hiernaux, P., Herrmann, S., Rasmussen, L. V., Rasmussen, K., ... & Fensholt, R. (2020). The forgotten land use class: Mapping of fallow fields across the Sahel using Sentinel-2. Remote Sensing of Environment, 239, 111598. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111598
    Journal
    REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
    Rights
    © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Remote sensing-derived cropland products have depicted the location and extent of agricultural lands with an ever increasing accuracy. However, limited attention has been devoted to distinguishing between actively cropped fields and fallowed fields within agricultural lands, and in particular so in grass fallow systems of semi-arid areas. In the Sahel, one of the largest dryland regions worldwide, crop-fallow rotation practices are widely used for soil fertility regeneration. Yet, little is known about the extent of fallow fields since fallow is not explicitly differentiated within the cropland class in any existing remote sensing-based land use/cover maps, regardless of the spatial scale. With a 10 m spatial resolution and a 5-day revisit frequency, Sentinel-2 satellite imagery made it possible to disentangle agricultural land into cropped and fallow fields, facilitated by Google Earth Engine (GEE) for big data handling. Here we produce the first Sahelian fallow field map at a 10 m resolution for the baseline year 2017, accomplished by designing a remote sensing driven protocol for generating reference data for mapping over large areas. Based on the 2015 Copernicus Dynamic Land Cover map at 100 m resolution, the extent of fallow fields in the cropland class is estimated to be 63% (403,617 km(2)) for the Sahel in 2017. Similar results are obtained for five contemporary cropland products, with fallow fields occupying 57-62% of the cropland area. Yet, it is noted that the total estimated area coverage depends on the quality of the different cropland products. The share of cropped fields within the Copernicus cropland area is found to be higher in the arid regions (200-300 mm rainfall) as compared to the semi-arid regions (300-600 mm rainfall). The woody cover fraction within cropped and fallow fields is found to have a reversed pattern between arid (higher woody cover in cropped fields) and semi-arid (higher woody cover in fallow fields) regions. The method developed, using cloud-based Earth Observation (EO) data and computation on the GEE platform, is expected to be reproducible for mapping the extent of fallow fields across global croplands. Future applications based on multi-year time series is expected to improve our understanding of crop-fallow rotation dynamics in grass fallow systems being key in teasing apart how cropland intensification and expansion affect environmental variables, such as soil fertility, crop yields and local livelihoods in low-income regions such as the Sahel.
    Note
    24 month embargo; published online: 26 December 2019
    ISSN
    0034-4257
    DOI
    10.1016/j.rse.2019.111598
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.rse.2019.111598
    Scopus Count
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    UA Faculty Publications

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