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    Competition for nectar resources does not affect bee foraging tactic constancy

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    Name:
    19-0418-EEN_final.pdf
    Embargo:
    2021-03-30
    Size:
    148.0Kb
    Format:
    PDF
    Description:
    Final Accepted Manuscript
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    Author
    Lichtenberg, Elinor M.
    Richman, Sarah K.
    Irwin, Rebecca E.
    Bronstein, Judith L.
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol
    Issue Date
    2020-03-30
    Keywords
    Bombus
    food handling
    foraging
    mutualism
    nectar robbing
    pollination
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    WILEY
    Citation
    Lichtenberg, E.M., Richman, S.K., Irwin, R.E. and Bronstein, J.L. (2020), Competition for nectar resources does not affect bee foraging tactic constancy. Ecol Entomol. doi:10.1111/een.12866
    Journal
    ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
    Rights
    © 2020 The Royal Entomological Society
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    1. Competition alters animal foraging, including promoting the use of alternative resources. It may also impact how animals feed when they are able to handle the same food with more than one tactic. Competition likely impacts both consumers and their resources through its effects on food handling, but this topic has received little attention. 2. Bees often use two tactics for extracting nectar from flowers: they can visit at the flower opening, or rob nectar from holes at the base of flowers. Exploitative competition for nectar is thought to promote nectar robbing. If so, higher competition among floral visitors should reduce constancy to a single foraging tactic as foragers will seek food using all possible tactics. To test this prediction, field observations and two experiments involving bumble bees visiting three montane Colorado plant species (Mertensia ciliata, Linaria vulgaris, Corydalis caseana) were used under various levels of inter- and intra-specific competition for nectar. 3. In general, individual bumble bees remained constant to a single foraging tactic, independent of competition levels. However, bees that visited M. ciliata in field observations decreased their constancy and increased nectar robbing rates as visitation rates by co-visitors increased. 4. While tactic constancy was high overall regardless of competition intensity, this study highlights some intriguing instances in which competition and tactic constancy may be linked. Further studies investigating the cognitive underpinnings of tactic constancy should provide insight on the ways in which animals use alternative foraging tactics to exploit resources.
    Note
    12 month embargo; published online: 30 March 2020
    ISSN
    0307-6946
    DOI
    10.1111/een.12866
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/een.12866
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UA Faculty Publications

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