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    Increased language co-activation leads to enhanced cross-linguistic phonetic convergence

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    Author
    Simonet, Miquel
    Amengual, Mark
    Affiliation
    Univ Arizona, Spanish & Appl Linguist
    Issue Date
    2020-04
    Keywords
    Phonetics
    cross-linguistic influence
    unstressed vowel reduction
    bilingual language modes
    Catalan
    Spanish
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher
    SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
    Citation
    Simonet, M., & Amengual, M. (2020). Increased language co-activation leads to enhanced cross-linguistic phonetic convergence. International Journal of Bilingualism, 24(2), 208–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006919826388
    Journal
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BILINGUALISM
    Rights
    © The Author(s) 2019
    Collection Information
    This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.
    Abstract
    Purpose: This study investigates the effects of bilingual language modes (or settings) on the speech production patterns of a group of early Catalan/Spanish bilinguals from Majorca, Spain. Our main research question was as follows: Are bilingual speech patterns modulated by the level of (co-)activation of a bilingual’s two languages? Design: Bilingual participants were classified as a function of their linguistic experience (or dominance), from Catalan- to Spanish-dominant. Subsequently, we recorded their speech in two experimental settings: a unilingual setting in which only Catalan words were uttered, and a bilingual setting in which both Catalan and Spanish words (cognates) were produced in random order. Data and Analysis: The study examined the acoustic realization of Spanish and Catalan unstressed /a/, which surfaces as [a] in Spanish but is reduced to schwa, [ə], in Catalan. The acoustic characteristics of unstressed /a/ were explored across the two languages and the two experimental settings. Findings: Catalan unstressed /a/, which was similarly reduced to schwa in the speech of all participants, became slightly more similar to Spanish unstressed /a/ (i.e., it had a higher first formant) when produced alongside Spanish words (bilingual setting) than when produced in a Catalan unilingual setting. There were no effects of linguistic experience, and the effects of setting did not interact with experience. Originality: Very few studies have reported effects of dynamic cross-linguistic interference in phonetic production, and even fewer have reported them with a phonetic variable resulting from a language-specific phonological process (unstressed vowel reduction) rather than a phonemic contrast. Implications: These findings suggest that cross-linguistic interaction is dynamic and modulated by language activation, and that an absence of dominance effects does not necessarily entail an absence of online cross-linguistic phonetic influence.
    ISSN
    1367-0069
    EISSN
    1756-6878
    DOI
    10.1177/1367006919826388
    Version
    Final accepted manuscript
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1177/1367006919826388
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UA Faculty Publications

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