A Novel Divergent Geminivirus Identified in Asymptomatic New World Cactaceae Plants
Author
Fontenele, Rafaela SSalywon, Andrew M
Majure, Lucas C
Cobb, Ilaria N
Bhaskara, Amulya
Avalos-Calleros, Jesús A
Argüello-Astorga, Gerardo R
Schmidlin, Kara
Khalifeh, Anthony
Smith, Kendal
Schreck, Joshua
Lund, Michael C
Köhler, Matias
Wojciechowski, Martin F
Hodgson, Wendy C
Puente-Martinez, Raul
Van Doorslaer, Koenraad

Kumari, Safaa
Vernière, Christian
Filloux, Denis
Roumagnac, Philippe
Lefeuvre, Pierre
Ribeiro, Simone G
Kraberger, Simona
Martin, Darren P
Varsani, Arvind

Affiliation
Univ Arizona, Sch Anim & Comparat Biomed Sci, Dept Immunobiol, Inst BIO5Univ Arizona, UA Canc Ctr
Issue Date
2020-04-03
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MDPICitation
Fontenele, R.S.; Salywon, A.M.; Majure, L.C.; Cobb, I.N.; Bhaskara, A.; Avalos-Calleros, J.A.; Argüello-Astorga, G.R.; Schmidlin, K.; Khalifeh, A.; Smith, K.; Schreck, J.; Lund, M.C.; Köhler, M.; Wojciechowski, M.F.; Hodgson, W.C.; Puente-Martinez, R.; Van Doorslaer, K.; Kumari, S.; Vernière, C.; Filloux, D.; Roumagnac, P.; Lefeuvre, P.; Ribeiro, S.G.; Kraberger, S.; Martin, D.P.; Varsani, A. A Novel Divergent Geminivirus Identified in Asymptomatic New World Cactaceae Plants. Viruses 2020, 12, 398.Journal
VIRUSES-BASELRights
Copyright © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Collection Information
This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.Abstract
Cactaceae comprise a diverse and iconic group of flowering plants which are almost exclusively indigenous to the New World. The wide variety of growth forms found amongst the cacti have led to the trafficking of many species throughout the world as ornamentals. Despite the evolution and physiological properties of these plants having been extensively studied, little research has focused on cactus-associated viral communities. While only single-stranded RNA viruses had ever been reported in cacti, here we report the discovery of cactus-infecting single-stranded DNA viruses. These viruses all apparently belong to a single divergent species of the family Geminiviridae and have been tentatively named Opuntia virus 1 (OpV1). A total of 79 apparently complete OpV1 genomes were recovered from 31 different cactus plants (belonging to 20 different cactus species from both the Cactoideae and Opuntioideae clades) and from nine cactus-feeding cochineal insects (Dactylopius sp.) sampled in the USA and Mexico. These 79 OpV1 genomes all share > 78.4% nucleotide identity with one another and < 64.9% identity with previously characterized geminiviruses. Collectively, the OpV1 genomes display evidence of frequent recombination, with some genomes displaying up to five recombinant regions. In one case, recombinant regions span similar to 40% of the genome. We demonstrate that an infectious clone of an OpV1 genome can replicate in Nicotiana benthamiana and Opuntia microdasys. In addition to expanding the inventory of viruses that are known to infect cacti, the OpV1 group is so distantly related to other known geminiviruses that it likely represents a new geminivirus genus. It remains to be determined whether, like its cactus hosts, its geographical distribution spans the globe.Note
Open access journalISSN
1999-4915PubMed ID
32260283Version
Final published versionae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3390/v12040398
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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